Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Professor, Department of Sociology and Social Planning, Faculty of Economics, Management and Social Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 PhD Student in Social Sciences at Shiraz University
Abstract
Abstarct
Art is an essential part of the culture of a society and artworks can represent the cultural, social, political and economic status of the society through their themes. The material for analysis in this research is the text of the drama "Drought and Lie" written by Mohammad Yaghoubi in the 1380s. The purpose of this research is to study the concept of gender in the mentioned text to recognize that, in which discourses this concept is produced or reproduced with considering the social conditions of the society of Iran in the 1380s. Accordingly, to achieve this purpose, gender-related theories have been cited from the biological, cultural, and discourse aspects. In the research methodology section, among the various approaches of critical discourse analysis, Ruth Wodak's discourse-historical approach has been chosen, due to, it considers the historical-social backgrounds of the texts for analysis. By exploiting the historical-social horizons of the 1380s and analyzing the text of the drama by using the Wodak's fivefold strategies for studing the linguistic aspects of words, phrases and key contents of the text, the result of the research shows that in the drama "Drought and Lie", the definition of gender and gender roles is presented in a state, among the traditional official dominant discourse and the modern discourse (as the rival discourse), which was established in 1380s. The final conclusion discusses that, the author of drama "Drought and Lie" has been successful to represent the position of Iran's transitional society towards modernity in the 1380s and the consequences of the cultural changes in the private sphere of family and marital relations. The contradictional and incompatible perspectives of his characters about the notion of gender, refer to different discourse orders of 1380s, that are competing to gain the cultural hegemony in the society. It is noteworthy to point out that the characters of this drama, portray the identified contradictios of culture of this historical era, so well through their speeches and behaviors.
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