الیهات
Mehran Rahbari; • Shahram Pazouk; Abolfazl Mahmoudi
Abstract
Women's position and their role in the society has been influenced by various factors such as culture and religion. This research tries to study the role of women in the point of views of religions especially Christianity and church fathers and also analyze the view of the Gospel of Thomas on this matter. ...
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Women's position and their role in the society has been influenced by various factors such as culture and religion. This research tries to study the role of women in the point of views of religions especially Christianity and church fathers and also analyze the view of the Gospel of Thomas on this matter. The Gospel of Thomas is a noncanonical text that were discovered seventy years ago in the Naj Hammadi, in Upper Egypt. In spite of its small volume, The Gospel of Thomas has always been the focus of scholar in the field of early Christianity. In this research, we have aimed to study the position of woman and femininity in the Gospel of Thomas. The result shows that Jesus in the form of sayings, proverbs and phrases of the Gospel of Thomas, unlike the other canonical texts of Christianity, considers a more important position for women and assigns a more valuable role to them. Because of its theological and mysticism perspective, the Gospel of Thomas focuses on the spirituality of person and not his or her gender. for this reason, attaining the kingdom, enlightenment and salvation requires passing away from masculinity and femininity and then trying to achieve celibacy and unity.
akram arjah; • Shahram Pazouk; • Tahereh Hajebrahimi
Abstract
AbstractThe period between fourth and eighth centuries AH, a time when Sufism and its affiliated centers spread to all parts of the Islamic world, provided a suitable platform for women’s growth and activeness in this field. During this period, the lived experience of women through mystic ...
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AbstractThe period between fourth and eighth centuries AH, a time when Sufism and its affiliated centers spread to all parts of the Islamic world, provided a suitable platform for women’s growth and activeness in this field. During this period, the lived experience of women through mystic journeys, their stereotypical role, represented only in the form of mother, wife, childbearing, and male-dependent being underwent some transformations. During these centuries, Sufi women taught and raised sufis, managed the monastery, against all prior expectations, challenging the masculine conception of the way. The main focus of this article is on identifying places of worship and asceticism and monasteries and centers of Sufi women. According to the available data, before the formation of monasteries, women were mostly educated in the houses and during the formation of the monasteries, they started getting educated in assemblies and some Sufi monasteries. They saw that from the fifth century onwards, the cities of Mecca and Quds, due to the pilgrimage space and the proximity of pilgrims and Sufis, were the center of the women's monastery, which also had the aspect of keeping and arresting women in need. These monasteries seem to have formed other centers called Rabat in eastern Islamic lands such as Damascus, Cairo, Aleppo, and even Anatolia. In tolerant Orders, such as Melevi Order and Bektashiyya Order, women also ran monasteries in addition to attending Sufi educational assemblies. In this way, women achieved a degree of independence, collective leadership, and guidance through the management of monasteries, tutoring the Sufi, and mystical teachings..
