Literature
Hamida dehghanih; Arman Hedari; Reza Rezaei
Abstract
Women are one of the most important demographic subgroups in any society, which have been the subject and focus of studies many times, along with other groups, due to their specific gender-social, economic and cultural situations. There is no doubt that scientific studies are conducted with the aim of ...
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Women are one of the most important demographic subgroups in any society, which have been the subject and focus of studies many times, along with other groups, due to their specific gender-social, economic and cultural situations. There is no doubt that scientific studies are conducted with the aim of unraveling, analyzing and providing solutions for the problems of different groups.but Despite the fact that so far many studies have been conducted about women and their life dimensions, women's relationships and interactions are the most important aspect of their lived experience, which is still in an aura of ambiguity, a kind of confusion and indecision. Since the wide range of novels have the potential to match the reader with their characters, situations and relationships; They are one of the important origins that can be seen and the symbols of women's interactions and relationships can be searched in them. Therefore, the present study analyzes the representation of women's interactions and relationships in selected novels of the first Pahlavi period (Mohammed Hijazi's trilogy) with a sociological perspective and using the social semiotics approach of Kress and VanLeon. Analyzing data in a thematic way, the "sentence" unit of analysis, and applying and using the background of the research, has been the validation method of the current research. To confirm the themes and topics, consultation with experts has been on the agenda. The findings of the research are reported in the three dimensions of representational, interactive and hybrid roles, according to which, the women of Hijazi stories are placed in mainly binary categories around the superior signification of "religion, tradition and modernity". Following this, women's relationships and interactions are also classified into weak/strong, official/informal, active/passive, superior and inferior categories, and women are placed in each of these categories based on their assigned positions and positions. Therefore, we cannot and should not draw a general pattern of communication for all the women in the story.
Ghazal Karimi sangdehi; reza sattari; seyed ghasem hasani
Abstract
Literature is one of the most important tools for understanding the culture and type of thinking of any society, and among all literary genres, the novel has the most connection with society and real life. Female writers have also chosen the novel to write about various aspects of their lives and genders ...
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Literature is one of the most important tools for understanding the culture and type of thinking of any society, and among all literary genres, the novel has the most connection with society and real life. Female writers have also chosen the novel to write about various aspects of their lives and genders from the beginning. This article examines issues related to women in the novels of Iranian women writers in the 70's, 80's and 90's with the method of content analysis and reveals the impact of social and cultural developments of each decade on the content of novels. For this reason, two novels have been selected from each decade, and the results of studies show that social and cultural developments have a great impact on the views of women writers inpaying attention to the characters and female themes of novels And the evolution of the content of the novels is in line with the evolution of society and is affected by it. In the novels of the seventies, male domination and violence are more prominent, and women do not have much power and status. The female characters of the novels of the eighties also have almost the same conditions as in the previous decade, and the discussion of identification in this decade is very important. But womenin nineties novels, have achieved independence and freedom of action. They are active in society, and have different concerns and demands.
Literature
Mahshad Shahbazi; Mahbood Fazeli; Maryam Hoseini
Abstract
According to the theory of renowned American feminist critic, Ellen Showalter, in the study of any sub-culture, including women’s literary sub-culture, we witness the process of three main stages of imitation, protest, and self-awareness in the works of Iranian women novelists. To describe this ...
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According to the theory of renowned American feminist critic, Ellen Showalter, in the study of any sub-culture, including women’s literary sub-culture, we witness the process of three main stages of imitation, protest, and self-awareness in the works of Iranian women novelists. To describe this process, Showalter developed three stages of transformation as Feminine stage, Feminist stage, and Female stage. As Feminine, the women novelist imitates overwhelming male traditions and patterns. As Feminist, the women novelist protests rooted values and measures in literature. As Female, the women novelist returns to herself to discover personal identity and self-awareness. The present study has extensively reviewed thirty three novels of Iranian women novelist in the last half century from 1960 to 2010. This study, with an eye on Showalter’s feminist theory considers transformation process of self-awareness in female writers of Iran and defines its evolution through the predetermined stages. As the result of present study, it was logically evident to claim that Showalter’s model comprehensively applies to the Iranian female literary subculture. Nevertheless, it must be noted that evolution from second to third stage was not broadly evident and only happened in the work of Shahrnush Parsipur titled “Blue Logos”. We may also need to study more works of Iranian women novelist to search for the third stage enhancements.
Literature
Ezzat Mollaebrahimi; Ali Sabbaghian
Abstract
In a sociological review of novels, the connection between structure and content of the story studied by considering the conditions and changes in society and environment in which they are created, and the modality of artistic reflection of the society in the world of the literary work is reviewed and ...
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In a sociological review of novels, the connection between structure and content of the story studied by considering the conditions and changes in society and environment in which they are created, and the modality of artistic reflection of the society in the world of the literary work is reviewed and analyzed. In this article, the authors present an analysis of the works of the famous Algerian female novelist called “Ahlam Mosteghanemi”. As a writer, she is romantic, but she deals with social and cultural situation in her country relying on community-oriented romanticism. She deals with many issues such as women’s rights, cultural poverty, social instability and conflict between tradition and modernity, and also describes the wounds and injuries imposed on the society through the colonialism. Based on the results obtained from this descriptive- analytical research, we come to realize that she could open a horizon to knowing different angles of occupation in Algeria, liberation wars at this country, results of colonization and mustiness of Arab communities. She also tries to keep her obligation to romanticism, using an emotional tone. Although her works have a critic tone, they are drastically different social realism.
