Art
samareh rezaei; atieh Youzbashi
Abstract
Saqanfars are buildings related to the Qajar period, which originated from the indigenous and ritual architecture of Mazandaran. In contrast to other similar structures, pictorial themes centered on women are abundantly seen in the pictorial motifs of Saqanfar Kijatakiye wall paintings in Babylon. This ...
Read More
Saqanfars are buildings related to the Qajar period, which originated from the indigenous and ritual architecture of Mazandaran. In contrast to other similar structures, pictorial themes centered on women are abundantly seen in the pictorial motifs of Saqanfar Kijatakiye wall paintings in Babylon. This research has been done with the aim of knowing the image themes and the reasons for the importance of the role of women. Research questions: 1- What is the reason for the abundance of women's motifs in the murals of Saqqanfar Kijatakiye Babylon compared to other Saqqanfar? 2- What are the reasons for the appearance of the role of women in Saqanfar Kijatakiye Babylon? 3- What themes have been observed in the murals of Saqanfar Kijatakiye, Babylon? The present research method is based on descriptive-analytical nature, and from each division of Saqanfar motifs in a non-random way (epic, otherworldly, symbolic and everyday activity), a specific image has been described with an iconological approach. The issue of redefining the role of women in society, family and the field of art peaked during the Qajar era. This shows the extensive developments and change of the position of women in the art of this period. On the other hand, the influence of the geographical region and the way of livelihood changed the concept of gender in the northern regions of Iran. Historical, social, political and cultural factors are important in the emergence of the main role of women. The simultaneity of the historical period of the Tekay building with the Qajar period, the fundamental changes in social relations, the style of clothing, the political position and the change in the aesthetic concepts of women and the multitude of images of women in the Qajar period indicate the direct connection of these motifs with the political-social developments that prevailed in It is the society of its time and it narrates the influence of native artists in reflecting the political and social conditions in a specific historical context.
Art
niloofar shafiee
Abstract
Biological and gender, as well as social distinctions, generally creates differences with the inferiority of women in the society, and finally, it has taken the rights of inequality and possibilities. which can be seen in art. Since Islam favors the equality between men and women, therefore women and ...
Read More
Biological and gender, as well as social distinctions, generally creates differences with the inferiority of women in the society, and finally, it has taken the rights of inequality and possibilities. which can be seen in art. Since Islam favors the equality between men and women, therefore women and men have the same position in God's place. And in terms of freedom, right and rights, moral and religious responsibilities are the same. Islam believes that men and women are complementary to each other, and one is not preferable to the other. However, from the beginning of Islam until today, distinctions between men and women can be seen in most areas. One of the most important cognitive characteristics of humans, especially in the modern era and after, is the issue of gender identity, through which the border between oneself and the other can be perceived and the scope of defining and understanding the essence of a person is determined. The reflection of this issue in the works of contemporary artists, especially Muslim female artists, can be studied and analyzed as a serious concern. Based on the works of three contemporary Muslim female artists in the Islamic world, namely Mona Hatum, Lala Al-Sidi and Bushra Almutawakel, the current research aims to answer the question of which factors reflect the gender identity in the works of these three artists and how each of them Is. Have they reflected it in their works? In the current research, the research method is descriptive-analytical and the information was collected through library documents by collecting books, books and websites. The methods of analysis are qualitative.By examining and analyzing the works of these three artists, it comes to the conclusion that it explores gender identity, in addition to the works of Western artists, among Muslim artists, women can also be considered. The results indicate that factors such as discrimination, sexist society, the position of women in Islamic society and the spread of religious extremism have shown gender identity in this artist. And they have reflected these factors in their works through photography, video and the use of writing factors.
Art
Ghufran Brimo; Effatolsadat Afzaltousi
Abstract
Illustrating children's book covers plays a significant role as a medium in conveying cultural concepts to them. Images that reference specific cultural concepts of a community or a region can indirectly strengthen the cultural identity of children.
The present study aims to answer the question ...
Read More
Illustrating children's book covers plays a significant role as a medium in conveying cultural concepts to them. Images that reference specific cultural concepts of a community or a region can indirectly strengthen the cultural identity of children.
The present study aims to answer the question of how the cultural identity of girls and women is depicted in the cover illustrations of children's stories in Arabic-speaking countries. Therefore, with the goal of understanding cultural identity, especially Arab identity among Arab-speaking girls and women, the study has conducted a comprehensive statistical analysis. In this regard, 249 cover designs from six Arab countries including Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates were examined for the age group (B). The research method is analytical-comparative.
The results show that Arab girls' identity is expressed through Islamic adornments, while the identity of adult women is depicted through botanical decorations, historical symbols, and wearing the veil. the identity of elderly women is emphasized with a focus on the veil, which is one of the most prominent visual symbols. However, this symbol is less prominent in Lebanon and Syria.The results indicate that the UAE is the richest country in terms of cultural visual symbols, while Syria is the weakest in this regard. Arab girls' and women's faces are prominent in most images, and the palm tree, a symbol of natural geography, plays a significant role in Arab identity, especially in Iraqi publications. Decorations also play an important role in representing the Islamic identity of these Arab countries, but they have had a minimal impact on showcasing the local identity of each country. Older women on the cover illustrations are often veiled, and the veil is one of the most prominent visual symbols. However, in Lebanon and Syria, this symbol is less prominent across all age groups. It seems that a general conclusion can be drawn that the identity of Arab girls and women on the covers of children's books in Arabic-speaking countries in the present study is a blend of Arab and Islamic identity, with a particular emphasis on geographical and natural symbols.
Art
Yaghoub Azhand; shahrokh amirian doost
Abstract
The Long Story of the Snake and the Man (1976--78) is a work by Simin Daneshvar, based on mythical narratives, sacred texts and religious narratives. The theoretical basis of this paper in the study and study of the intertextual contribution of the narrations mentioned in the construction and payment ...
Read More
The Long Story of the Snake and the Man (1976--78) is a work by Simin Daneshvar, based on mythical narratives, sacred texts and religious narratives. The theoretical basis of this paper in the study and study of the intertextual contribution of the narrations mentioned in the construction and payment of that literary work is Laurent Genie's theoretical definition of the concept of intertextuality in the article "Strategy of Forms", in which he proposes in the difference between his conception of intertextuality (known as soft intertextuality) and the intertextuality of Yulia Christova (known as hard intertextuality); The intertextuality should be mentioned when elements beyond the lexical unit of the proto text can be retrieved in the new text. In other words, the relationship between the texts is more than lexical and formal relationships; genetically related the intertextual relationship of two texts with each other not with the vague and mysterious sum of the effects of one on the other, but with the degree of interconnection between the two texts and how one influences the other, and emphasizes the two types of intertextuality "strong" and "weak". In his view, when two texts communicate in at least two formal and thematic aspects, "strong intertextuality" is established, and when texts stop communicating on one of these two levels, "weak intertextuality" is established. The present study is a qualitative study in terms of type.The research data is provided from library sources. Data analysis is done by descriptive-analytical method. The essay thus explains the Marr and the man text from the perspective of the reader's perspective with the relationship of the application of female personality and intertextuality. The intertextuality should be mentioned when elements beyond the lexical unit of the proto text can be retrieved in the new text. In other words, the relationship between the texts is more than lexical and formal relationships; genetically related the intertextual relationship of two texts with each other not with the vague and mysterious sum of the effects of one on the other, but with the degree of interconnection between the two texts and how one influences the other.
Art
Tuba Mozafari nezhad; Esmaeil Najar
Abstract
The present research, with drawing from Gayatri Chakravarty Spivak's theories of "Subaltern Studies", conducts a comparative analysis of two plays: Nine Parts of Desire by Heather Raffo and Mastaneh, the History of the Forgotten by Naghmeh Samini. Spivak believes that comparative studies ...
Read More
The present research, with drawing from Gayatri Chakravarty Spivak's theories of "Subaltern Studies", conducts a comparative analysis of two plays: Nine Parts of Desire by Heather Raffo and Mastaneh, the History of the Forgotten by Naghmeh Samini. Spivak believes that comparative studies in world literature, which today are mainly carried out in line with the logic of globalization in the capitalist era, under the domination of world powers, are not a true echo of the history and experiences of the people of that region. She believes that today, the field of literature, only is a tool to maintain the survival of Western powers, and when they intend to study others, they label them as "Third World" and look at them as an undeveloped "other". These criticisms increase when the western world deals with subordinate subjects, especially female gender, because they only present an appearance of the situation of women in the direction of their goals, which ultimately lead to a limited idealistic and essentialist policy. When representing subalterns, especially with the female gender, it only presents a shade of it, for the sake of its own goals, and reaches an idealistic and essentialist policy. But the subaltern subject, when she speaks and acts as a woman, knows that a growing and expanding gender is the best possible state for her. In the shadow of this game, it is unfortunate that another history of the oppressed, which has been neglected, should be revealed by the subjugated and marginalized people. In this research, by studying a selection of Spivak's theoretical works, namely Death of a Discipline (2003), "Can the Subaltern Speak?" (1985) and "Rethinking Comparativism” (2009), it will be illustrated that the Subaltern can express herself and her pure experiences through literature without help, correction, and global powers. . . . .
Art
Abstract
With the entry of man into civil life, the development of social and cultural activities and the formation of religious beliefs, the body, clothes and cultures were formed. The management of the body and its relationship with the social and cultural realms (sociology of the body) defines man as a corporeal ...
Read More
With the entry of man into civil life, the development of social and cultural activities and the formation of religious beliefs, the body, clothes and cultures were formed. The management of the body and its relationship with the social and cultural realms (sociology of the body) defines man as a corporeal agent. In other words, being in the world and human consciousness is determined by the body. Clothing is a symbolic arrangement and is influenced by social events that is placed on the body. With human socialization, his body is defined as a tool for social control and some bodily actions become important. Body management, in the sense of continuous monitoring and manipulation of appearance features, has a direct relationship with choosing the type of clothing. Question: What are the factors influencing the selection of women's social clothing, with Foucault's and Giddens' body management approach? The aim of the research is to know the factors of women's social dress selection for body display according to the body management approach. The research method is analytical, correlation and survey and information collection, library and field. The statistical population of 20 to 30-year-old Tehrani women and the sample number is 384 people, and the data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire using a simple random method. The findings showed that body management is variable in social structures. Sometimes the choice of social clothing is to match the thinking of others in the society and as a tool of power; Sometimes it is to achieve positive acceptances and in line with social activities. Based on the results obtained from the two-by-two correlation coefficients between the dimensions of factors affecting the choice of social clothing from the perspective of Foucault and Giddens among the women of Tehran, a significant value was obtained in all cases less than 0.05. Therefore, the existence of a two-by-two correlation between the social factors affecting the choice of women's social clothing was confirmed with the five factors in the opinions of Foucault and Giddens.
Art
الهه Panjehbashi; motahareh seifi
Abstract
In the second half of his rule, Shah Tahmasb Safavi took the path of extremism. In this regard, women, especially court women, stayed at home. Tahmasabi's Falnama (962-967 AH) was written in the same period and by his order. Ervin Panofsky (1892-1968) is one of the art history researchers who methodized ...
Read More
In the second half of his rule, Shah Tahmasb Safavi took the path of extremism. In this regard, women, especially court women, stayed at home. Tahmasabi's Falnama (962-967 AH) was written in the same period and by his order. Ervin Panofsky (1892-1968) is one of the art history researchers who methodized iconology. He attributed three levels of meaning to the reading of the work of art, in which the researcher looks for the symbolic values of a society that the artist unconsciously reflects in his work. This research seeks to answer the question that according to Ervin Panofsky's opinion, what institutionalized belief about women is reflected in the painting of the expulsion of Adam and Eve from Paradise in Tahmasbi's Falnama?
The aim of the research is to find the roots of Shah Tahmasib's beliefs about the position of women and its reflection in the painting of the expulsion of Adam and Eve from heaven in Tahmasbi's Falnama.
The research is conducted in a qualitative and comparative-analytical manner and its purpose is fundamental. The method of collecting materials has been done in a library style and with an iconological approach. A statistical example is the painting of the expulsion of Adam and Eve from heaven in Tahmasabi's Falnama. Conclusion: The image is influenced by the Qur'an, but there are elements in the image (Adam's reproachful state towards Eve, peacock, snake-dragon) that are not found in the Qur'an. So, the artist was inspired by other texts that were taken from ancient sources. It seems that the root of women's restrictions in this period can be seen as extreme beliefs that come from ancient metamorphoses such as the war between male and female gender
s, Eve's committing the first sin and blaming the female gender; Therefore, the painting is a document that reflects these beliefs about women in the patriarchal society of Shah Tahmasab's era.
Art
Maryam Nikravesh; Abbas Namjoo
Abstract
Women's clothing has gone through many changes as a social phenomenon after the Islamic revolution. and the street style of everyday clothing has also diversified. Considering that the artistic type is one of the common styles of clothing in recent decades and one of the subcultures that make up ...
Read More
Women's clothing has gone through many changes as a social phenomenon after the Islamic revolution. and the street style of everyday clothing has also diversified. Considering that the artistic type is one of the common styles of clothing in recent decades and one of the subcultures that make up the Iranian culture, The present research has been conducted with the aim of understanding the artsy fashion style in the clothing tendencies of girls and women in Tehran. It aims to answer the proportion of women and girls' tendency towards artistic type clothing and the factors influencing it The sample size 123 was selected from both artistic and of artistic groups. Data collection was conducted using a researcher-designed questionnaire. Data analysis was done by SPS software.
The findings show that there is a relationship between the field of study and artistic jobs in the tendency towards the artistic type. The findings show that there is a relationship between the field of study and artistic jobs in the tendency towards the artistic type. The research findings indicate that there is a correlation between
, a significant connection has been found between diversity and freedom in design and color, accessories, the appeal of combining traditional, modern, and handcrafted patterns, creativity, and boldness in the tendency of artistic fashion style clothing.
The research findings indicate that there is a correlation between the establishment of venues like cultural centers and art institute, the rise of university-affiliated and non-university-affiliated artists, , Rethinking women's identity in Iranian society, social transformations, Expansion of advertisements on social network , and the Formation and inclination towards artistic fashion style.
The results show that artistic type is more abundant among artists. Family origin has no effect on this type of style. The grouping of non-artistic fields and occupations showed that the artistic type as one of the special subculture styles has an influence on other members of the society. Due to the diversity and wide range of designs, colors, and models, the artistic type showed the greatest influence in the development of the artistic type.
Art
Seyede Fereshteh Ehsani Oskouei; Jamal- E-Din Mahdinejad
Abstract
With women's increased presence at home, they are disproportionately affected by unfavorable living conditions. This situation makes it essential to consider their lifestyle, needs, and preferences when designing housing. This study employed an exploratory approach, using qualitative research methods ...
Read More
With women's increased presence at home, they are disproportionately affected by unfavorable living conditions. This situation makes it essential to consider their lifestyle, needs, and preferences when designing housing. This study employed an exploratory approach, using qualitative research methods such as semi-structured interviews and observations to collect data. The sample consisted of twenty purposefully selected women aged 20 to 40 residing in Tehran province. The data collected from interviews was coded using MAX QDA software, resulting in the identification of key themes and patterns. Besides that, behavior-oriented and spatial-oriented diagrams were drawn based on field observations of residential units. The findings highlight the pivotal role of rooms within residential spaces in women's lives, and it revealed that the contemporary social, economic, and cultural conditions of Iran have shaped a distinct lifestyle among women in this age, significantly impacting their housing preferences. Key design components for rooms in residential apartment units, based on the perspectives of young women, include perceived environmental characteristics such as “efficiency and functionality, beauty and order, privacy, flexibility and adaptability, cleanliness, and hygiene”. Additionally, physical attributes such as “the number of closets and storage spaces, lighting, room size and its other proportions, spatial configuration, noise pollution, interior furniture and its arrangement, texture, and color of materials, window views and their exposure, ventilation conditions, heating and cooling, the number of bedrooms, and form and geometry “.To accommodate the lifestyle of young women, it is important to consider suitable spaces for sleeping, working, and leisure, as well as ensuring personal solitude and incorporating individual tastes and cultural sensitivities in room design. These findings have practical implications for architects, interior designers, and developers involved in housing design. By incorporating the identified design components, housing can be tailored to meet the multifaceted requirements of young women, promoting their comfort and satisfaction.
Art
ameneh mafitabar
Abstract
The art of the first Qajar period is tied to FathAli Shah's name, while the achievements of the second period are accredited to NaserAddin Shah. The main aim of this study is to compare the style of make-up, clothing, jewelry, and body portrayals of women in six Qajar Muraqqas. So, the question ...
Read More
The art of the first Qajar period is tied to FathAli Shah's name, while the achievements of the second period are accredited to NaserAddin Shah. The main aim of this study is to compare the style of make-up, clothing, jewelry, and body portrayals of women in six Qajar Muraqqas. So, the question is: How does comparing the style of make-up, clothing, jewelry, and body portrayals of women in six Qajar Muraqqas can elucidate the similarities and differences of women's portrayal in the two historical periods of Qajar?The current qualitative research studies the Qajar art with a historical approach, in an analytical and comparative method. Thus, this developmental research achieved its goal by collecting data in the form of documents and using note-taking and picture-reading methods. The findings demonstrate that Qajar Muraqqa-making represents the artistic characteristics of court portraiture in the common artistic style of the first period of Qajar's reign. In the second period, it emphasizes the features of court painting. In response to the question of the study: The portrayal style of women in the first period emphasizes the ornamental items. The features are observably expressed via slim bodies and additional cosmetic items. The clothes are made of expensive materials and there can be seen accessories such as fans and tambourines in their hands. Meanwhile, despite court portraiture, the background is pictured negligently and simplistically incomplete. In the Muraqqas of the second period, the portrayal style of women is more realistic and their body is more natural. The ornamental styles and flamboyant expensive jeweleries are avoided and even women are pictured in their outdoor attire. Women's clothing style, changes according to the fashion of the era. But the background is still out of details so that, like graphic Muraqqas of the first period, the viewer has to imagine a vague place indoors or outdoors
Art
Farhad Karvan
Abstract
The design process in architecture is one of the curricula of the field of architecture that is taught at different educational levels. For optimal educational planning, it is necessary to identify the variables related to it. Among the variables related to the design process and method are the epistemological ...
Read More
The design process in architecture is one of the curricula of the field of architecture that is taught at different educational levels. For optimal educational planning, it is necessary to identify the variables related to it. Among the variables related to the design process and method are the epistemological beliefs and cognitive load of the learners. The purpose of the current research was to investigate the relationship between scientific epistemological and cognitive load with ideation in the design process of architecture students. The research method is a combination of quantitative (descriptive-correlation) and qualitative (analyzing samples of students' Sketches). Its statistical population included all architecture girl students in Hamadan universities. The desired sample of 120 people was selected in an accessible way. Scientific epistemology, cognitive load and idea evaluation scale questionnaires were used in the design. The research data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, skewness and skewness statistics) and inferential statistics (Pearson's correlation and path analysis with the calculation of its defaults). The results of the research showed that there is a relationship between the beliefs of scientific epistemology and cognitive load with ideation in the design process of architecture students and it has provided a framework for recognizing and explaining the theoretical relationships between the components of scientific epistemological beliefs, cognitive burdens and the idea of Sketches. The learning process in architectural design and cartography courses includes the stages of analytical comprehension, critical thinking, and creative processing, so scientific epistemological belief and cognitive balance or cognitive load are good explanations and predictors for ideas in students. Based on the results of the research, it is suggested to pay attention to the reduction of Intrinsic and Extraneous cognitive load in planning the education of architecture students, as well as Germane cognitive processing so that they can make better progress in the field of design. The development of scientific epistemological beliefs is also recommended for generating and analyzing ideas.
Art
sahel erfan manesh
Abstract
The pictures of women in pictorial carpets were mostly woven in the form of mythological figures or images of European women in the Qajar era. Among these carpets influenced by both of discourses there is a carpet with a woven image in a seating position, which is preserved in the ‘Ahadzadeh Gallery’. ...
Read More
The pictures of women in pictorial carpets were mostly woven in the form of mythological figures or images of European women in the Qajar era. Among these carpets influenced by both of discourses there is a carpet with a woven image in a seating position, which is preserved in the ‘Ahadzadeh Gallery’. This work is highly similar to the carpet of the queen of Armenia. It is also influenced by the ‘world carpet’ in which world is placed on the back of the cow-fish.Considering that this carpet is inspired by carpets with a mythological concept and picture of a woman, therefore, in this study the relationship between different texts is being addressed. The research also aims to review and study the connections between the England's ‘Queen carpet’ and the ‘world carpet’ with the carpet preserved in the ‘Ahadzadeh Gallery’; the study targets the following question 1. how the relationship between these carpets could be justified, considering the European and mythological concepts behind those two carpets? 2. What changes have occurred in the process of establishing these relationships? This study is performed based on a descriptive-comparative research method and analyzes outcomes according to the hyper-textuality concept of Genet. The findings of the research indicate that there are two kind of relationship between the existing texts of hypotext and hypertext, 1. Imitative or homotextuaity relationships and 2. Changed relationship. The relationship between the first and third text is kind of ‘hypertextuality’ and the relationship between the second and third text is kind of ‘intertextuality’. Also there is a transtextuality between the first and the third texts as there has been a change in both the style and the content of the text, as the new text does not only addresses one discourse, but also interpret a connection between the two discourses of Archo-Eropean, and the target carpet has acquired a new identity.
Art
parastoo zamani; Khashayar Hojati Emami; Faride Hajiani
Abstract
As a work of culture and art, cloth ought to be proportionate to the human body. A pattern that corresponds to the anatomical features of the inhabitants of a particular region can increase the output of regional apparel. In this discipline, patternmaking according to the body size of individuals is ...
Read More
As a work of culture and art, cloth ought to be proportionate to the human body. A pattern that corresponds to the anatomical features of the inhabitants of a particular region can increase the output of regional apparel. In this discipline, patternmaking according to the body size of individuals is one of the most crucial parameters. However, sizing may not always be appropriate for all members of the community, as certain individuals' physiques do not conform to global standards. Significant advancements in online purchasing and women's apparel production have increased the significance of gathering precise data to determine appropriate sizes for individuals with varying anthropometric characteristics. Additionally, the absence of a measurement table for ready-to-wear garments is problematic. Size 38 of one brand may occasionally correspond to size 40 of another brand for identical textiles and apparel styles. Nevertheless, pattern-making techniques in numerous non-Western nations, such as Iran, primarily borrow from European and American approaches, oblivious to the variations in physical dimensions among these cultures. The objective of this research is to examine the variations in conventional clothing sizing methods and ascertain the degree to which anthropometric data acquisition contributes to the enhancement of a sizing method. The body dimensions of 1290 women, aged 20-44, were assessed using a random sample. These women were categorized into sizes 32 to 58. A comparison was made between the classified measurements and those of the Müller system. There existed a substantial disparity in several parameters between the limb measurements of Iranian women and those recorded in the Müller system. A set of new measurements was subsequently derived from anthropometric data pertaining to the physique of an average Iranian woman. Our results facilitate the development of a sizing system that is in accordance with the physique of an Iranian woman and provide direction for future researchers who wish to expand the sizing system. Furthermore, our research provides valuable insights to the global and domestic apparel industries. The fundamental inquiry lies in determining how to anticipate the intended outcome through the utilization of data pertaining to individuals with varying anthropometric characteristics. The primary objective of this research endeavor is to determine the degree to which the acquisition of anthropometric information from individuals can contribute to the enhancement of garment industry sizing procedures. This research is applied in that it was conducted through field research, library resource reviews, and the collection and analysis of measured data; thus, it is of a mixed quantitative and qualitative nature.
Art
Alaa Basal; abolghasem dadvar; fatemeh kateb; maryam mounesi sorkheh
Abstract
Roman Mythology holds an immortal and sacred place and is of great value artistically and historically as it personifies gods in the form of human bodies with supernatural powers. The mythical figures, such as gods and demigods, and epic and symbolic scenes are depicted within Roman murals in Syria. ...
Read More
Roman Mythology holds an immortal and sacred place and is of great value artistically and historically as it personifies gods in the form of human bodies with supernatural powers. The mythical figures, such as gods and demigods, and epic and symbolic scenes are depicted within Roman murals in Syria. Providing an interpretation of morals and traditions, the given murals portray how the society's functional and inner values and religions are pursued. Women's clothing is manifested as a civilizational component in a significant section of Roman Syrian society. The research objective is to identify mythological themes in human patterns and reliefs and grasp their meaning by focusing on the details of women's clothing in five murals and comparing them with those of Syrian women's clothing during the Roman period as analyzed by Malinowski's need and institution components. In the general sense, the concept of functionalism implies a relationship established within an institution. What are the differences and similarities between the clothing in murals and among Syrian women of the Roman period under an emphasis on Malinowski's mythological elements from a functionalistic perspective? The results indicate that in addition to meeting clothing needs, the type of attire and practical colors in the murals and garments of Syrian women during the Roman period also address spiritual solidarity and cultural needs, such as ethicality, social beliefs, and orientation toward religion. There are common grounds between women's clothing in the murals and the garments of Roman Syrian women, and both entail aspects of providing protection, observing social manners, and denoting women's emotional and economic status. In Roman civilization, colors would bear sanctity and represent an individual's eminence. In the case of Syrian women of the Roman period, institutions were to meet women's needs and hold a positive role in society's survival as a whole. In addition to its role in resolving primary needs and taking recourses to meet derivative needs, Roman clothing is also displayed in the form of customs and traditions. The research method is comparative-historical analysis with documentary technique as the data collection method.
Art
Soraia Radamin; manzar mohammadi; Farideh Hajiani
Abstract
AbstractAccording to Greek mythology, Jean Shinoda Bolen (a follower of Jung's school) distinguished seven archetypes (Athena, Artemis, Hestia, Demeter, Persephone, Hera and Aphrodite) in the human unconscious and generalized them to contemporary women; If these archetypes are out of balance, some personality ...
Read More
AbstractAccording to Greek mythology, Jean Shinoda Bolen (a follower of Jung's school) distinguished seven archetypes (Athena, Artemis, Hestia, Demeter, Persephone, Hera and Aphrodite) in the human unconscious and generalized them to contemporary women; If these archetypes are out of balance, some personality traits will fall into the shadow; In order to balance the archetypes, in addition to psychoanalytical methods, changing the clothing style can be used as a supplementary improvement method. The question is, how can we design a community outfit that is effective in removing the shadows of personality (women) based on the archetypal theory of jean Shinoda Bolen? In this context, by knowing the personality shadows, their weaknesses and strengths and considering the effect of clothing on the psyche, it is possible to design a clothing style that is useful in the process of the treatment. The current research is qualitative and quantitative and the tool used in data collection was a questionnaire. The statistical population is 254 women, aged 20-45 in Tehran which was conducted using random sampling method. According to the statistics, about 40% of population under study have personality shadow. Data analysis was done using SPSS software in the form of descriptive statistics with frequency and percentage. The results indicate that if it is possible to use motif, form, color, design, etc., which engages the person in communication with herself in the clothing style, it can be used as a solution along with other psychoanalytical solutions. In the contemporary society, where the presence of women in various social fields has become more prominent, female identity is very important, and in the social of Iran, where tradition and religion play a role in the lifestyle on the one hand, and on the other hand, some characteristics of the modern society in the lives has appeared, the clothing style of women as a part of the society that shows the most changes has a double importance.
Art
fatemeh shirazi; nastaran noroozi
Abstract
Genette's transtextuality is one of the important topics in reading and checking the relationships between texts, which has checked these relationships in its various forms and is divided into five main categories. This research, based on Genette's transtextuality, has studied one of the clothes in the ...
Read More
Genette's transtextuality is one of the important topics in reading and checking the relationships between texts, which has checked these relationships in its various forms and is divided into five main categories. This research, based on Genette's transtextuality, has studied one of the clothes in the Royal Clothing Museum. This dress is a Hypertexte, the Hypotexte of which is the needlework clothing of the women of Baluchistan region, hence a connection between these texts has been formed which can be investigated.This connection is important because Baloch needlework is one of these artistic and original stitches, which is used in the clothing of Baloch women and girls and for the purpose of decoration and grooming. Although Baloch needlework has an identity and originality in terms of motif and color, structure, sewing method and execution technique and materials used, as well as functionality that has kept it to this day, But in the Pahlavi period, especially in the 1950s, a modern and contemporary reading of this pure art was carried out, which appeared in the court and royal clothing of men and women of the Pahlavi family and their close relatives.soThe purpose of this research is to study and investigate how the needlework of this Pahlavi family dress is related to its Hypotexte in Baloch needlework and answers these questions. How is the relationship between this royal dress of the Pahlavi court and its Baloch needlework Hypotextes based on Genette's transtextuality explained? And what changes have taken place in the process of forming this relationship? This research was conducted in an analytical-comparative and descriptive manner, based on Genette's Hypertexyualité, and the data analysis in it is qualitative. This research showed that the relationship between two texts is Hypertexyualité and the Transformation from Hypotexte to Hypertexte was accompanied by changes in the Visual structure, environment, discourse, function, user, etc
Art
Farhad Karvan
Volume 15, Issue 3 , December 2023, , Pages 491-510
Abstract
Examining aesthetic belief and artistic understanding is considered one of the important topics in art fields. The purpose of the current research was to investigate the relationship between aesthetic belief and problem-solving cognitive style and the need to recognize the mediating role of cultural ...
Read More
Examining aesthetic belief and artistic understanding is considered one of the important topics in art fields. The purpose of the current research was to investigate the relationship between aesthetic belief and problem-solving cognitive style and the need to recognize the mediating role of cultural intelligence in art students. Therefore, the main question of this research was whether it is possible to develop a model for women''s belief in artistic aesthetics based on problem solving styles and the need for recognition through the mediation of cultural intelligence? The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this research included all female art students of Hamadan universities in the academic year of 2019-2019. 377 students were selected as a purposeful and available sample from among the faculties and educational groups and according to the research plan, and according to the aesthetic belief questionnaires of Taghizadeh and Babaei (2016), the need to know ( Cacioppo, Petty and Kao (1984), problem-solving styles Cassidy and Long (2013) and cultural intelligence Early and Ang (2003) answered. Research data with descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and skewness and skewness statistics) variables) and inferential statistics (Pearson''s correlation and path analysis with the calculation of its defaults) were analyzed. The results showed that the conceptual model compiled with the data had a good fit. The results of the structural relationships of the model showed that the aesthetic belief There is a positive and significant relationship with the constructive skill of problem solving, the need for recognition and cultural intelligence. The constructive skill of problem solving and the need for recognition have a positive and significant relationship with cultural intelligence. The non-constructive skill of problem solving has a negative and significant relationship with the need for recognition and cultural intelligence. Aesthetic belief has a negative and significant relationship with non-constructive problem-solving skills.
Art
elahe shahrad; REZA AFHAMI; Rohallah Bagherzade
Abstract
Color is a silent but a powerful language. According to the high expressive quality of color in communicating and attracting people's attention, identifying the color preference of women and the factors affecting it can create an efficient tool in many areas of the modern world such as communication, ...
Read More
Color is a silent but a powerful language. According to the high expressive quality of color in communicating and attracting people's attention, identifying the color preference of women and the factors affecting it can create an efficient tool in many areas of the modern world such as communication, trade and goods and content production. This article aims to identify the effects of the factor of openness to experience (as one of the dimensions of personality) on women's color preference changes. In order to collect research data, demographic questionnaire, color preference and five-factor personality test were used. The statistical sample includes 213 women living in Tehran who were randomly selected. Data analysis using the one-way variance method in relation to the level of color preference shows that women with different levels of openness to experience have different preferences in relation to the level of preference for purple, red and orange in such a way that as the level of openness to experience increases, preference score of red and orange increase and purple decrease. in this regard, data analysis in the selected color preference section shows that women with high levels of openness to experience choose red as their preferred color. The results of multivariate variance analysis in relation to the preference of warm, cool and neutral colors show that women with different levels of openness to experience have different preferences in relation to the preference of warm and neutral colors. The interpretation of the results in relation to hated color indicates that women who hate blue and white have a lower level of openness to experience. According to the graph, as the level of openness to experience increases, the average score for warm colors increases and for neutral colors decrease. The results of the present study confirmed the need to pay attention to the agency of openness to experience in predicting color preferences. The findings of the current research can be used in many practical fields such as psychology, marketing, communication, advertising and fashion design.
Art
Fatemeh samipour; mostafa pourali; marzieh kazemzadeh
Abstract
Territorial behaviors are one of the most important and influential behaviors related to the environment and the use of it. Therefore, if the space is in accordance with these behaviors, it can lead to an increase in the quality of the environment and it makes them use it more and better. In line with ...
Read More
Territorial behaviors are one of the most important and influential behaviors related to the environment and the use of it. Therefore, if the space is in accordance with these behaviors, it can lead to an increase in the quality of the environment and it makes them use it more and better. In line with the study of women's territorial behavior, the present research seeks to identify a concept called "semi-private territories" and achieve its characteristics in public spaces, which according to the research conducted and the hypothesis of the research, is compatible with the territorial behavior of women. It is also in line with women spatial preferences in public spaces. After conducting library studies and compiling the research literature, field studies have been used in a qualitative way using interview tools and contextual conversations to achieve the research goals. In fact, in order to explain the concept of semi-private territories and its characteristics, the opinions of various women in relation to their spatial preferences and territorial behavior in public spaces have been collected and analyzed. The qualitative analysis of the findings has been done in the form of coding and in the platform of Atlas.ti8 software. Based on this, with the study of women's territorial behavior, the concept of "semi-private territory" is defined. The semi-private territory is a territory that is neither completely private nor public, which, while being located in a public arena, has characteristics close to and similar to private territories, but has less public characteristics. These territories have characteristics such as: relative privacy and coziness, relative separation of space by visual and non-visual limits and boundaries, reducing the amount of access to the space compared to the public territory, etc, which is in accordance with the territorial behavior of women in public spaces and provides the necessary conditions for their presence in the space
Art
saleheh khodadadi; Mohsen Badreh; Fatemeh Bajelani
Abstract
This article(Comparison of the two narratives of the Old Testament and the Qur'an about the temptation of Adam and Job (pbuh) by their wives and its representation in Christian and Islamic visual arts) compares the two narratives of the Old Testament and the Qur'an concerning the temptation of Adam and ...
Read More
This article(Comparison of the two narratives of the Old Testament and the Qur'an about the temptation of Adam and Job (pbuh) by their wives and its representation in Christian and Islamic visual arts) compares the two narratives of the Old Testament and the Qur'an concerning the temptation of Adam and Job (PBUH) by their wives and its representation in Christian and Islamic visual arts. The comparison of the how of deception and temptation of the two mentioned prophets by their wives that is, Eve's lack of patience towards the sanctity of eating the forbidden fruit and Rahma's lack of patience towards divine trials and their reflection in the visual arts of two Christian and Islamic cultures in the first-hand sources, is of the goals of this study. This is a comparative study and data collection has been done by exploring library documents and works and art treasures. Although in the text of the Holy Qur'an, not only is the fault of the temptation of Adam and Job not on the shoulders of their wives, but there are very clear interpretations that clearly reject this accusation, but on the other hand, some of the covenantal stories asserted the mediation of Eve for the temptation of Adam and also in Islamic hadith and commentary sources we can see traces of attributing some sins to Job's wife. However, the issue of the representation of Adam's temptation by Eve and Job's blaming by his wife Rahma is clearly evident and frequent in Christian art, but this is not the case in Islamic paintings. Regarding Adam's temptation by Eve and its consequences, such as their expulsion from heaven, Islamic paintings do not explicitly blamed Eve and sometimes they have given her equal dignity with Adam, and in the paintings related to the story of Job, no sign is found indicating the temptation of this Prophet made by his wife or reprimanding him by her.
Art
Ghufran Brimo; Maryam Keshmiri
Abstract
Children's and teenager's magazines, among other mass media, have an impact on the process of socialization. Because these magazines can induce, change and modify values, behaviors, and gender role patterns among children in various ways such as by choosing specific topics and targeted illustrations. ...
Read More
Children's and teenager's magazines, among other mass media, have an impact on the process of socialization. Because these magazines can induce, change and modify values, behaviors, and gender role patterns among children in various ways such as by choosing specific topics and targeted illustrations. This article aims to compare the images of "Osama" magazine in Syria and" Roshd daneshamoz" magazine in Iran from the perspective of gender. The purpose of this article is to compare the representation of gender in the images of Osamah magazine in Syria and Roshd al-Mashoz magazine in Iran. The analysis of the samples was done using Kress and Van Leon's model in the reading of social semiotics, which examines the images on three levels of representational, interactive and combined meaning. The results of the analysis of these three meanings showed that the pictures of these two magazines try to present common gender stereotypes to children. The roles of "woman-mother", "woman-grandmother" and "daughter" are present as a central or secondary role in most of the images of both magazines, and in none of the images are women in important social roles such as medicine or technical, and the representation of such roles Completely forgotten. In examining the interactive meaning, it has been determined that most of the images are in the mode of presenting information and invite the viewers to their world. Far and medium views are mostly used in the representation of images. The combined meaning has caused a connection between the representational and interactive meaning, the use of the center-margin pattern, giving prominence to women and not using framing in most of the images of both magazines emphasize the role of women in them.
Art
Alavitalab Mitra
Abstract
Female characters in the plays of the 13th century and the beginning of the 14th AH, have different manifestations and are presented in a paradoxical way. The social and political changes in this period emphasize the discourse of improving the position of women and have fueled fear and anxiety about ...
Read More
Female characters in the plays of the 13th century and the beginning of the 14th AH, have different manifestations and are presented in a paradoxical way. The social and political changes in this period emphasize the discourse of improving the position of women and have fueled fear and anxiety about the presence of women equally. In this research, we focus on the roles of women in some of the plays of this era by critical discourse analysis. This plays have been described, interpreted and explained by the descriptive and analytical method suggested by Norman Fairclough. First of all, at the level of description, we have discussed the function of female characters in the plots of plays. At the level of interpretation, looking at the social events related to women in this period, the relationship between women's activism in the play and their level and role in the society is examined, and finally, in the third stage, the reason for the gap between the change of social paradigms and the role Women are explained in plays. By the analysis of the plays in the discourse context of the era, it was concluded that although in this era, the key role of women in the society and their promotion to the level of the speaking subject is always emphasized as one of the manifestations of progress, but still the dominance of the patriarchal discourse and The fear of killing women has so powerfully cast a shadow on the dramas of this hundred-year era that the role of women is either associated with concepts such as cunning, deception and conspiracy, or the female characters remain as objects of men's opinion games and seduction
Art
Moeine ossadat Hejazi; Parisa Shad Ghazvini
Abstract
Human-bird hybrid motifs have broad and sometimes conflicting meanings in many parts of the world. In the Islamic era, despite the prohibition of human and animal motifs, this motif is still used in works such as rings of the Seljuk period with a female-bird nature. The Seljuks were one of the first ...
Read More
Human-bird hybrid motifs have broad and sometimes conflicting meanings in many parts of the world. In the Islamic era, despite the prohibition of human and animal motifs, this motif is still used in works such as rings of the Seljuk period with a female-bird nature. The Seljuks were one of the first Muslim governments in Iran to achieve cultural prosperity. The ring, which has a special prestige in Islamic culture, reflects the hidden cultural features of this period. The issue is what identity the bird-with-female-head motif in the rings reflects in the Seljuk Semiosphere. In this regard, Semiosphere theory is used in the analytical method of cultural semiotics. The main question is, what is the belief in the representation of the bird-with-female-head phenomenon in the intercultural communications of the Seljuk semiosphere? This article has been done by a descriptive-analytical method. Four samples of rings with bird-female motifs with intertextual symbols on pottery and metal objects of this period were adapted, and the concepts of accompanying motifs were read with it. The result was that the motif of bird-with-the-head-of-woman on the Seljuk semiosphere rings was drawn in two ways. The Seljuks semiosphere of Iran consists of three Iranian, Islamic and Turkish sphere within themselves. They have reached a semantic and morphological agreement through intra-cultural dialogue. Companion designs often refer to the concepts of goodness, blessing and fertility, which reinforce the femininity of this type of ring.
Art
Zahra Taheri
Abstract
This article focuses on the notion of “desire” in Yerma (1934), by Federico Garcia Lorca, the famous Spanish writer and dramatist. Yerma is one of the dramas in Lorca’s ‘rural trilogy’. Adopting the perspective of left thinkers and using Gilles Deluze and Fleix Guattari’s ...
Read More
This article focuses on the notion of “desire” in Yerma (1934), by Federico Garcia Lorca, the famous Spanish writer and dramatist. Yerma is one of the dramas in Lorca’s ‘rural trilogy’. Adopting the perspective of left thinkers and using Gilles Deluze and Fleix Guattari’s views on psychoanalysis, the writer discusses how the notion of “desire” through a deleuzian perspective is not associated with loss but power and can, thus, end up in change and “becoming.” To elaborate this process, the study has deployed a descriptive-analytic method to the text, and it has focused on the notions of ‘paranoid desire,’ ‘schizoid desire’ and ‘becoming woman.’ It is argued that Yerma, as a prototype of minority figures, is subjected to those strategies of ‘otherization’ which she cannot help tolerating due to an internalization of the family and social discourses of norms and stereotypes, which is still true to the lives of many women even these days. Yerma finds no way out of such stagnant life scripts but through a sudden outrageous rebellion against the system (and its representative—Juan). Such rebellion questions the dominant paranoid control exerted by every hierarchical system in society. These challenges pursue a type of “deterritorialization” of such systems and their meta-narratives by opening new horizons which introduce new types of relationships and orders which are far different from the mainstream culture and, thus, chaalenging, unsettling, and dangerous. In fact, they are new voices which can be heard.
Art
marzieh jafarpour; zohreh tabatabaiie jebeli
Abstract
What we call death in our dictionary, and which we often refer to bitterly, in the eyes of agriculturists was a connection of the deceased with the earth and the expectation of resurrection; Like a seed buried in the soil in the hope of rebirth. The remaining written and visual pieces of evidence of ...
Read More
What we call death in our dictionary, and which we often refer to bitterly, in the eyes of agriculturists was a connection of the deceased with the earth and the expectation of resurrection; Like a seed buried in the soil in the hope of rebirth. The remaining written and visual pieces of evidence of mourning rituals indicate that women played a more critical role in this way; as they played an important role in planting and harvesting agricultural products. Therefore, the present article, with the aim of explaining the role of women in mourning rituals and its relationship with agricultural rituals, seeks to answer these questions: Why the operatives of mourning rituals are primarily women? And is there any connection between these rituals (mourning and request for fertility from nature)? In this regard, this paper will analyze eight Persian paintings with the theme of mourning from the Ilkhanid to the Safavid period in a historical-analytical way using the iconographic approach. The results show that mourning rituals were inherently used to activate the forces of plants that are often embodied as plant gods/goddesses. During a transformation, this pattern has changed from a form of mourning for the goddess of fertility to mourning for the general public. The presence of women in the mourning rituals was also considered blessed and auspicious because of their liaison with mother-earth. Thus, based on the symmetry of mourning and agriculture, the presence of women in mourning and the performance of various rituals by them is justified.
