Research Paper
Literature
somaye nosrati; hadi nazari monazam; KOBRA ROSHANFEKR
Abstract
In recent decades, the examination of the relationship between language and gender has been a highly significant topic in linguistic studies, and it has also permeated the domain of literature. Robin Lakoff, a distinguished American linguist, is the author of the DSL theory, which is a contemporary ...
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In recent decades, the examination of the relationship between language and gender has been a highly significant topic in linguistic studies, and it has also permeated the domain of literature. Robin Lakoff, a distinguished American linguist, is the author of the DSL theory, which is a contemporary and extensively applied theory in the field of linguistic and gender studies. Lakoff’s theory posits that the speech patterns of women and men, even in their most subtle forms, exhibit distinct differences and can be categorized into two distinct intellectual and linguistic branches based on gender-specific language indices. This descriptive-analytical research employs Lakoff’s theory to analyze the role of language in the poetry of Maram Al-Masri, a distinguished Syrian poet. The rationale for this investigation is that the linguistic component and its gender functions in Maram Al-Masri’s poems have not been assessed in numerous brief and implicit research works. In Maram Al-Masri's poetry, the most significant gender-specific linguistic features are a propensity for simplicity in writing, the use of language, words, and terms with gendered representations, as well as the extensive use of sensory words and the minimal use of non-sensory words. These findings are indicated by the results of this research
Research Paper
Historic
mohammadjavad najafi; Yahya Bouzarinejad
Abstract
The social history of women in early Islam reflects two managerial perspectives: the Prophetic governance based on divine commandments and the governance of the three caliphs, which resulted in a diminished status of women compared to the Prophetic era. According to historical records, Imam Ali (A.S) ...
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The social history of women in early Islam reflects two managerial perspectives: the Prophetic governance based on divine commandments and the governance of the three caliphs, which resulted in a diminished status of women compared to the Prophetic era. According to historical records, Imam Ali (A.S) did not follow the methods of the previous caliphs during his governance. Instead, he sought to restore the status of women in society to the level achieved during the prosperous period of the Prophetic state and to implement the Prophet's (PBUH) practices. Therefore, this article focuses on examining the social status of women during Imam Ali's (A.S) rule as its central issue. The study aims to clarify the extent of Imam Ali's (PBUH) commitment to the social status of women and, as a result, the quality of women's participation in this regard. Accordingly, the research question is posed as follows: What was the social status of women during Imam Ali's (A.S) governance? The research methodology in this study is descriptive-analytical, and the data collection approach is library-based and documentary. The study's findings indicate that Imam Ali (A.S), through various initiatives for women—such as combating a culture of behavioral violence, emphasizing poetry and art, promoting education and spiritual development, supporting economic activities, and highlighting the value of women in the family structure—sought to enhance and elevate the social status of women.
Research Paper
Art
Mina Mohammadi Vakil; niloofar shafiee
Abstract
Gender identity is a major cognitive characteristic of humans, particularly in the modern era and beyond. It is a means by which the boundary between the self and the other is discernible, and the domain of defining and delimiting the essential nature of the individual is established. The analysis and ...
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Gender identity is a major cognitive characteristic of humans, particularly in the modern era and beyond. It is a means by which the boundary between the self and the other is discernible, and the domain of defining and delimiting the essential nature of the individual is established. The analysis and study of the reflection of this issue in the works of contemporary artists, particularly Muslim women artists, is a significant concern. The present research, which is based on the works of three contemporary women artists in the Islamic world—Mona Hatoum (Palestinian artist, born 1952), Lalla Essaydi (Moroccan artist, born 1956), and Boushra Almutawakel (Yemeni artist, born 1969)—examines the factors that have influenced the reflection of gender identity in the works of these three artists and the manner in which each artist has reflected it in their work. The data was collected through library documents, and the research method was descriptive-analytical in the current study. The information collected has been analyzed using the inductive approach, and the analysis method has been qualitative. The results suggest that the primary focus of the research is the issue of women's gender identity, the condition of religious extremism, as well as the linguistic implications and ethnic identities. The concerns of gender identity in these artists are manifested in the fluidity of identity and the display of creative and transformed relationships between women, sometimes in comparison to men and sometimes independently. These factors have been incorporated into their works through photography, video, and the use of the written element.
Research Paper
Literature
Hamideh dehghanih; Arman Hedari; Reza Rezaei
Abstract
Although many studies have been conducted about women, analyzing their interactions in various contexts almost remains unknown and shrouded in ambiguity. Undoubtedly, one of the most essential areas for increasing awareness of such interactions is exploring the content of novels. The main aim of the ...
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Although many studies have been conducted about women, analyzing their interactions in various contexts almost remains unknown and shrouded in ambiguity. Undoubtedly, one of the most essential areas for increasing awareness of such interactions is exploring the content of novels. The main aim of the present study is to analyze the representation of women's interactions and relationships in Mohammad Hejazi’s three Novels (Homa, Prichehr, and Ziba), which were written during the first Pahlavi period. The research procedure employed was Kress and Van Leeuwen’s social semiotic approach, as well as critical discourse analysis. The unit of analysis was the "sentence," and the concentration was on identifying related statements and codifying them thematically. The research findings were presented in three dimensions: synthetic, interactive, and representational meta-roles. It is possible to assert that the triple signifiers of religion, tradition, and modernity are in an antagonistic relationship, as evidenced by the diverse representations of women. Therefore, it appears that both conventional and contemporary discourses are concurrently shaping the identities and interactions of women. Women are depicted in dual categories of superior/inferior, active/passive, and weak/strong. and undergo distinct “intra-gender” and “inter-gender” relationships. The overarching conclusion is that the women in Hejazi’s stories are not passive objects; rather, they act in a variety of ways in accordance with their positions and employ strategies to confront and resist the pervasive patriarchal social climate. Therefore, it is impossible to simplify the diverse manners and enforcements of all women under a general and all-encompassing communication pattern, as not all women exhibit similar interactional patterns.
Research Paper
Communications
Maryam Abachi; Aylin Daemi; Seyed ali Mir Ebrahimi
Abstract
Cinema, as a cultural element in society and an arena for the representation of social issues, plays a significant role in enhancing societal awareness and mitigating cognitive bias. Violence against women and the subsequent victimization of this vulnerable group are the subject of one critical cinematic ...
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Cinema, as a cultural element in society and an arena for the representation of social issues, plays a significant role in enhancing societal awareness and mitigating cognitive bias. Violence against women and the subsequent victimization of this vulnerable group are the subject of one critical cinematic representation. The criminological aspects of women's victimization as depicted in cinematic works within the context of lifestyle are the focus of this research. To achieve this, a case study of the film Subdued (Rage Khab) is conducted using content analysis. The findings indicate that the primary character, Mina, is subjected to repeated victimization as a result of her lifestyle in a traditional and ideological society, as well as the absence of social and legal protections. Mina is depicted as a victim of choice by Kamran, the male character, which renders her an appealing target within the ideal victim framework. The depiction of women’s victimization in this film is indicative of societal realities. Neglecting this critical issue can result in irreparable damage to societal structure, as the actuality of women's victimization in society is frequently more severe than its cinematic portrayals. Consequently, this research underscores the importance of creating cinematic works that are free of cultural censorship in order to prevent violence against women. Thus, cinema has the potential to prevent initial victimization by increasing awareness and immunizing women against it. Furthermore, the effective reduction of women's victimization in society can be achieved by concentrating on the prevention of secondary victimization through structural changes, particularly the elimination of discrimination against women, and the provision of access to the criminal justice system for all women
Research Paper
Art
Mahdokht Kiaee; Jamaleddin Soheili
Abstract
After cultural changes in the middle Qajar period, the border of agency and authority between women and men in urban society was displaced, and urban activities and spaces changed.
The objective of this investigation is to investigate the impact of the Qajar period on the transformation of gender authority ...
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After cultural changes in the middle Qajar period, the border of agency and authority between women and men in urban society was displaced, and urban activities and spaces changed.
The objective of this investigation is to investigate the impact of the Qajar period on the transformation of gender authority and its impact on Iranian urban activities and spaces.
The research method is descriptive-analytical, interpretive-historical, and document analysis, which is conducted through library assessments. The authority and agency status of Qajar men and women were identified using authenticated references, and urban activities and spaces were investigated and determined using this data. The data was analyzed to determine which ones are organized based on the gender authority transformation. In this instance, historical documents were analyzed without direct access to historical events and urban spaces of Qajar. Tehran Dar Al-Khalafe is the focal point of this study.
The research results confirm that the cities that were predominantly masculine before this period experienced famine activities and spaces as a consequence of the social and cultural changes that occurred during the Qajar era. Additionally, social activities were subject to the famine gender sooner than urban spaces, necessitating that women utilize their homes to execute certain emerging activities. The Tehran Map 1891 established a variety of unprecedented activities and spaces in the capital, including emerging streets, urban squares with new uses, female schools, clinics, government headquarters, swing shops, smoke car station, and café, which provided the field for more authority of women in the society due to their presence in these places.
Research Paper
Art
abolfazl eghbali
Abstract
The Fajr International Film Festival is widely regarded as the most significant annual event in thecountry’s cinematic landscape. 33 films in the Simorgh Longing section of the 43rd Fajr International Film Festival presented their narratives of Iranian society, particularly the issue of women ...
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The Fajr International Film Festival is widely regarded as the most significant annual event in thecountry’s cinematic landscape. 33 films in the Simorgh Longing section of the 43rd Fajr International Film Festival presented their narratives of Iranian society, particularly the issue of women and family, and were subjected to the audience’s evaluation and judgment. The objective of this investigation was to examine these narratives within the context of gender and family. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach, specifically content analysis. In order to comprehend and analyze the position and approach of films toward categories and indicators, the present study initially endeavored to present all indicators as positive categories in accordance with the discourse of the Islamic Revolution. Subsequently, 20 researchers from the fields of social sciences, media, women's studies, and family assessed the convergence or divergence of the films with respect to the indicators. In a macroscopic and concise assessment, it can be concluded that the cinematic works of the Fajr Film Festival during this period had a relatively similar stance to the Islamic Revolution’s stance on the issues of gender and family. The research results suggested that the proportion of convergent works and films was relatively higher than that of divergent works in the majority of the 14 indicators related to the subject under investigation.
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