Religious
Mohammad Hasan Sadeghi Moghadam; Amin Amirhosseini
Abstract
One of the things that may cause damage to the family is employment of husband and wife in jobs that negatively affect family structure. The main question raised here is employment of the wife and husband’s authority to maintain restrictions on family rights in Iran. The current article is ...
Read More
One of the things that may cause damage to the family is employment of husband and wife in jobs that negatively affect family structure. The main question raised here is employment of the wife and husband’s authority to maintain restrictions on family rights in Iran. The current article is written using library method. Employment with emphasis on the right of the wife to the initial decision, in cases where the husband is allowed If the wife's occupation or type it on prejudice family, the husband to the wife of a certain type of job or the employment ban This option can be found in the powers of man as a constitutive element of Los Angeles family including spouse employment ban allowed, what is The woman responsible for the welfare of family, parenting and assistance in compliance task disrupts or jeopardizes the prestige and dignity of the family It is important to emphasize that the husband is to prevent possible misuse of the exercise of this right, couples and demand proof opposed the selected job with family interests or dignity of man or woman And judicial, contrary to the duties necessary to prevent the employment of women in professional and family affairs.
Art
بتول maazallahi; zeinab saber
Abstract
The process of imprisoning Safavid princes in the harem caused theSafavid king to gradually withdraw from serious political activity andincrease power in the harem. the king's mother with his wives and slaves formed a powerful alliance with each other. They could greatly influence the king and interfere ...
Read More
The process of imprisoning Safavid princes in the harem caused theSafavid king to gradually withdraw from serious political activity andincrease power in the harem. the king's mother with his wives and slaves formed a powerful alliance with each other. They could greatly influence the king and interfere in the administration of the country. In the time of Suleiman, this center became so powerful that it was called the main owner of the king. The style of painting in the time of Shah Suleiman was Farangi-sazi. The present article,Wants to study whether women and harems were represented in this style? Compositional interpretationMethodthat there were changes in the images of this period that did not exist before. Depicting architecture was very important.The composition of the painting proves that it is Suleiman who looks through the paintings, He looks at women and the harem.But in the process of watching, he hides women and considers only architectural structures.Women who were the agents of power in the politics of their time are not considered in painting.Things that have been affected in the paintings include "inner / inner space in architecture", which can be said to be a reference to the subject of the harem.In addition to this theme, many men are shown who are looking at the audience. This refers to the spread of the masculine look.And this is the look of king that is circulating on women in the harem.
Jaber Eftekhari; hojjat eftekhari; fahime moslemi; Samavi Abdalvahab
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the components of philosophical thinking in the book Family Management and Lifestyle (especially for girls) in the twelfth grade of the second year of high school. The method of this descriptive research is content analysis and the information society including ...
Read More
The aim of the present study is to investigate the components of philosophical thinking in the book Family Management and Lifestyle (especially for girls) in the twelfth grade of the second year of high school. The method of this descriptive research is content analysis and the information society including a volume of the second year high school textbook in the academic year 1399-1400 and the research tool of the content analysis form according to the criteria of philosophical thinking Component) is. In this way, after identifying the unit of analysis and the desired components as criteria for analysis, the book was analyzed using the technique of William Rumi. In addition, chi-square test was used to determine the distribution of components in the content of the book. According to the analysis of conflict coefficient (ISE = 0.94) obtained from the content of the book, it can be stated that the attention of the family management and lifestyle book (for girls) of the twelfth grade of the second year of high school to the components of thinking Philosophically, it is relatively desirable (engagement coefficient less than 1) and semi-active. Also, the result of Chi-square test (Sig: 0.006, Chi-Square: 26.316) showed that the distribution of components in the book is significantly unbalanced. So that the cognition component with 5.36% frequency has the highest frequency and the decentralization component with 2.42% frequency has the lowest frequency in the components of philosophical thinking.
Literature
Ezzat Molla Ebrahimi; Fahimeh Yeganeh Dizagwar
Abstract
Fiction has a special position because of its charisma and special charm and is considered as an important literary device; the most important task of story is to promote the moral and spiritual virtues of characters and to fight evil and injustices. Therefore, dedicated novelist should try not only ...
Read More
Fiction has a special position because of its charisma and special charm and is considered as an important literary device; the most important task of story is to promote the moral and spiritual virtues of characters and to fight evil and injustices. Therefore, dedicated novelist should try not only to entertain the reader but also to be aware of his ultimate goal; which is to teach and to inform his reader. Najib Kilani, a prominent Islamic scholar and novelist in the contemporary period, also believes that by engaging different characters in the story, they can educate Islamic duty and religious lifestyle to the younger generation. In this article, we try to assess the female characterization in three novels by Najib Kilani entitled The Long Path, Killer of Hamza, The Man who Converted to Islam which have social, historical and Islamic themes, respectively. Kilani has used direct and indirect characterization methods and employed every type of personality, including static and dynamic, positive and negative. Female characters in all the three novels are secondary type which Kilani has used with expertise to achieve his main goal promoting Islamic culture.
Historic
Hossein Badamchi; Kolsoum Ghazanfari; Parvin Davari
Abstract
Abstract In Zoroastrian law, there are several indications that denote to the temporary marriage as a legal institution and this can be compared to one law in Imami jurisprudence. Sunni and Imami jurists differ on the continued legitimacy of the temporary marriage which the former believes it to be continued. ...
Read More
Abstract In Zoroastrian law, there are several indications that denote to the temporary marriage as a legal institution and this can be compared to one law in Imami jurisprudence. Sunni and Imami jurists differ on the continued legitimacy of the temporary marriage which the former believes it to be continued. Temporary marriage is legitimate in the opinion of Imami jurists and it has certain conditions that need to be observed. In Zoroastrian texts, there is no separate chapter discussing this institution but based on the remaining evidence one can infer its existence and attempt a reconstruction. In the first section of this paper, this remaining evidence, direct and indirect, will be discussed and then the main points of the comparison with Imami jurisprudence will be studied taking into consideration similarities and differences. The study shows considerable similarity although the aims and conditions are different on occasions.
Literature
Nasrin Faghih Malek Marzban; Fereshteh Miladi
Abstract
In addition to the historical and social significance of Tarikh-e Jahangosha written by Joveyni, the text is notable in terms of discourse analysis. In the discourse of war, as the hegemonic discourse of the text, one of the distinctive discourses should be studied according to social presence of women. ...
Read More
In addition to the historical and social significance of Tarikh-e Jahangosha written by Joveyni, the text is notable in terms of discourse analysis. In the discourse of war, as the hegemonic discourse of the text, one of the distinctive discourses should be studied according to social presence of women. On the one hand, gender equality in Mongolian culture, and from the other hand the Iranian-Islamic identity of Iranian women have created a bipolar discourse, showing Iranian women as ineffective slaves, while Mongolian women, as champions equal to men, dominant and victorious. Using Halliday’s ideational metafunction, naming and processes, all parts of the text where Iranian and Mongolian women attended were studied; then by collecting all statements about them, characteristics of each were extracted. Under the effect of religious beliefs, Iranian-Islamic identity of women is represented in the form of defeated participants of discourse of war, by introducing their social characteristics, indirectly expressing their names and their less frequent presence. However, the identity of Mongol women, as the dominant and triumphant participants, is expressed directly and a special way of naming is used by the author. In many cases, the Mongolian woman is a hero and wise politician, whereas the Iranian woman, except in few cases, is a nameless veiled person who goes into captivity.
Effat alsadat Afzal Tousi; Golnaz Selahi; Ladan Selahi
Abstract
The art of Qajar period includes many unique features and themes. One of the most exceptional features of Qajar artworks (painting on tiles) is women motifs depicted at semiprivate and private spaces, at houses of nobilities, and palaces. Qajar women in these paintings interact with foreign women’s ...
Read More
The art of Qajar period includes many unique features and themes. One of the most exceptional features of Qajar artworks (painting on tiles) is women motifs depicted at semiprivate and private spaces, at houses of nobilities, and palaces. Qajar women in these paintings interact with foreign women’s identity and they have shown a new face of Iranian women. The archi-myth of Qajar period is included of three different groups of myths: Islamic myths, Iranian myths and distant myths. After all, we can say in the female motifs of Qajar’s artworks, Iranian, Islamic and native identities are present simultaneously. Qajar woman has an independent entity in solitaire frames. This article has investigated the identity of the Qajar woman and her actions and her personal characteristics, by analyzing a set of visual documents- solitaire frame tiles with women motifs- which is left from that era in Shiraz’s houses.
Historic
Mahshad Sotoudeh; Mahshid Mirfakhraie
Abstract
Mādayān ī Hazār Dādestān, the book of Thousand Judgments, is one of the most important social history sources and juridical text in Middle Persian language and script. This text has been written in dawn Sasanian era, i.e. the early 7th century A.D. It is the only text remained from juridical tradition ...
Read More
Mādayān ī Hazār Dādestān, the book of Thousand Judgments, is one of the most important social history sources and juridical text in Middle Persian language and script. This text has been written in dawn Sasanian era, i.e. the early 7th century A.D. It is the only text remained from juridical tradition of Zoroastrianism that argues about legal and civil issues for surviving in its original form and language. It belongs to the era before Islam. This book mentioned a compilation of law terms including slavery, warranty, partnership, marriage, divorce, disobedient or misconduct and etc. In Sasanian period, women's position was dependent on their status class and the women that didn't follow the principles and social norms punished in multiple reasons. The kind of their punishments was dependent on their social levels. These women were called disobedient. Therefore, in this article, discussion about the concept of misconduct and legal aspects is related to various levels (Pādixšay-wife and čagar-wife), analysis of the verdicts, quality of partnership and women possessions, before and after of her misconduct's confirmation. The text also declared the legal issues on the conditions of acquiring the properties inherited by the disobedient woman, their children, and also quality of their incoming.
Literature
Ehsan Ghabool; Abdollah Radmard; Zahra Shariatpanah
Abstract
Literary and historical texts can be considered as the most important tool in recognizing the images of women of different ethnic groups in the past. Imagology is the knowledge to classify and analyze the images of women in these texts on a systematic and scientific basis. The travelogues are among the ...
Read More
Literary and historical texts can be considered as the most important tool in recognizing the images of women of different ethnic groups in the past. Imagology is the knowledge to classify and analyze the images of women in these texts on a systematic and scientific basis. The travelogues are among the literary texts, which represents a fairly realistic image of women. One of the most comprehensive travelogues in the eighth century is Ibn Battutah's travelogue. In this article, we are going to identify and classify a variety of women's images in this travelogue. Accordingly, in primary images of the women from Turkic, Mongolian, Iranian, Chinese and Indian countries, the classification are conducted from three perspectives of appearance and covering, marriage, and attendance in social activities, and then the valuation attitude of Ibn Battutah has been reviewed for each image. The results of this study introduce new images of the women of these nations in Ibn Battutah's travelogue. Thus, the results confirm the hypothesis that Ibn Battutah's religious presuppositions have influenced his evaluation attitude toward women of different ethnic groups, representing itself in Turkic tribes and Mogul, Iran, India and China.
Masoud Olia; Mozhdeh Hasheminasab
Abstract
The present study investigates self-expression through profile image selection among Iranian female users in social networks (case study: Facebook) based on Erving Goffman’s dramaturgical theory. Goffman’s dramaturgical theory regards society as the stage of a theater and actors as players. ...
Read More
The present study investigates self-expression through profile image selection among Iranian female users in social networks (case study: Facebook) based on Erving Goffman’s dramaturgical theory. Goffman’s dramaturgical theory regards society as the stage of a theater and actors as players. If social networks can be perceived as a society in which users play their roles, then the selection of profile images can be regarded as the beginning of this process. Cyberspace allows users to have a selected “self” when dealing with others and express it in a variety of ways, including profile image selection. This paper follows visual culture studies that emphasize culture as an element influencing visual experience and vice versa. Such an attitude allows identifying cultural aspects which influence the selection of profile images by female users. The present study was conducted to analyze these images using 200 profile images. We also used qualitative content analysis and quantitative analyses to observe and classify the identified categories. Based on the results of the present study, women seem to tend to create and display an ideal self in their profile images. Such a selection is consistent with gender stereotypes and involves in the reproduction and enforcement of gender norms and performing them.
Sediqeh Pourmokhtar; Mohsen marasy
Abstract
AbstractBy expanding the differences between femininity and masculinity, postmodern feminism recognizes the feminine language as a distinguishing factor between the artistic and literary works of men and women and features such as the use of complex and multifaceted symbols and the specific use ...
Read More
AbstractBy expanding the differences between femininity and masculinity, postmodern feminism recognizes the feminine language as a distinguishing factor between the artistic and literary works of men and women and features such as the use of complex and multifaceted symbols and the specific use of the body. In works dealing with this concept, the inversion of aesthetic values is enumerated for it. Contrary to these views, people like Linda Nachlin oppose the formation of such a language in the works of women artists. The present study aims at knowing more the contemporary Arab art. Using a descriptive and analytical method as well as a comparative approach to the formation of women's language, it examines the works of contemporary Arab women artists and compares them with the male ones in order to seek to answer the question of whether women's language is formed in the works of contemporary Arab women artists or not. Accordingly, in addition to examining the works of Arab women, the works of contemporary Arab men are also examined in order to obtain a more accurate answer to the question. Examples are selected works of art with the theme of war. Results from this research proves non formation of women's language in such works along with their similarity with the works of male artists..
Kambiz Heidarzadeh Hanzaee
Abstract
The present study is conducted to investigate the influence of in-store mannequin models (with or without head) on customers’ buying decisions and visualizing the clothes on body, having an eye to the role of customers’ knowledge about fashion as a moderating variable. Moreover, the investigation ...
Read More
The present study is conducted to investigate the influence of in-store mannequin models (with or without head) on customers’ buying decisions and visualizing the clothes on body, having an eye to the role of customers’ knowledge about fashion as a moderating variable. Moreover, the investigation process is based on 2×2 factor analysis and a defined scenario. The research sample population consists of female university students, and the investigations are done with participation of 160 female students possessing knowledge about fashion. The research data are collected using a scenario-based questionnaire that includes texts and pictures. The process of data analysis, also, is based on Variance Analysis and Regression Analysis methods. The results showed that mannequin type and customers’ knowledge about fashion have a basic and interactive influence on buying decision and visualizing the clothes on body, and the influence is significant. Particularly, head-less mannequins and higher level of customers’ knowledge about fashion may intensify buying decision and encourage the customers to visualize the clothes on their bodies. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the more the customers visualize clothes on their bodies, the greater would be their intent to purchase, and the indirect influence of mannequins with head on customers’ decision to buy is reduced by visualizing the clothes on body.
Volume 9, Issue 1 , April 2017, , Pages 1-7
Volume 9, Issue 2 , July 2017, , Pages 1-7
Volume 9, Issue 3 , October 2017, , Pages 1-7
Historic
Khadijeh Alemi; Hanieh Askari; Parvin Soheil Shamayee
Abstract
Political and social isolation of women in pre-Islamic period and their blurred role in social and political life changed with the advent of Islam. However, in the era of the caliphs, under the influence of Jewish and Christian cultural elements and the revival of certain pre-Islamic Arabian traditions, ...
Read More
Political and social isolation of women in pre-Islamic period and their blurred role in social and political life changed with the advent of Islam. However, in the era of the caliphs, under the influence of Jewish and Christian cultural elements and the revival of certain pre-Islamic Arabian traditions, the page was turned and the situation is well reflected in historical texts and traditions. This paper intends to study this backward view point reflected in historical and narrative texts available from the 2nd to 7th centuries. This research tries to address this issue: what are the social and political factors of Pre-Islamic Arabian traditions regarding woman in historical and narrative texts from the 2nd to 7th centuries. In response to this question, the present paper suggests that many of the stories found in historical and narrative medieval texts with misogynistic attitudes are fake and the chain of narrators are not reliable. Identifying unreliable narratives and their impact on changing attitudes toward women in Islamic society is the main goal of the paper. Research method is historical analysis using medieval texts and written sources from the 2nd to 7th centuries.
cultural
Fatemeh Hajian Moghadam; Gholamreza Ghaffary; Reza Salehi Amiri
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the results and findings of conducted researches in the field of family in order to identify the characteristics and strengthening factors of the Iranian family. The present study is applied in terms of objective and documental in terms of methodology. Accordingly, ...
Read More
The purpose of this study is to analyze the results and findings of conducted researches in the field of family in order to identify the characteristics and strengthening factors of the Iranian family. The present study is applied in terms of objective and documental in terms of methodology. Accordingly, among the conducted researches , fifty-one scientific works which aimed at identifying the influential factors on strength of the family were selected through purposeful sampling; they were suitable in terms of methodology and had necessary information and features to perform intended meta-analysis; finally they were reviewed in the period spanning 1995- 2011. Research tools were checklist of meta-analysis. The used techniques in data analysis included techniques of descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution and percent. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. In reviewing the findings of the study, a model of nine influential factors on the family institution was obtained. In order of importance, they are as follows: "faith, beliefs and moral values, positive family interactions, physical and mental health, way of handling family life, personal growth, social, cultural and political milieu of society, family welfare (affording bare necessities), public services and public health considerations ".
Literature
Masoumeh Nemati Ghazvini; Narges Ansari
Abstract
Nowadays, because of the special and pivotal place of women in the family and nurturing future generations; problems and issues related to women has become one of the main concerns of thinkers and intellectuals. Jalal Al-e-Ahmad (1302-1348 AHS) and Mustafa Lutfi al-Manfaluti (1876-1924 AD) are two of ...
Read More
Nowadays, because of the special and pivotal place of women in the family and nurturing future generations; problems and issues related to women has become one of the main concerns of thinkers and intellectuals. Jalal Al-e-Ahmad (1302-1348 AHS) and Mustafa Lutfi al-Manfaluti (1876-1924 AD) are two of the social reformers and contemporary writers in the field of Persian and Arabic literature. Each of them has presented women issues and criticized its different aspects as the conditions of their own society and the specific viewpoint that they had toward social and cultural problems. The present study which has compared the works of these two writers with a descriptive-analytic method indicate the presence of many similarities in their approach to women issues which can be studied in six general areas including west oxification, freedom, social injustices, hijab, marriage, and science learning and while being similar in concepts they are presented in somewhat different writing styles when appropriate.
Art
Roshanak Davari; Farideh Talebpoor; Abolghasem Dadvar; Reza Afhami
Abstract
Sustainable purchasing and consuming clothes is a massive trend worldwide due to the great amount of production, its complications and also the active role of women. It is specifically so among young population of Iran, though the country is moving towards sustainable development. This article aims to ...
Read More
Sustainable purchasing and consuming clothes is a massive trend worldwide due to the great amount of production, its complications and also the active role of women. It is specifically so among young population of Iran, though the country is moving towards sustainable development. This article aims to investigate the degree of awareness of the notion of sustainability and its impact on the purchase and consumption of clothing, among the young educated female consumers. The research is based on descriptive and survey method with questionnaire based data. The statistical population is (N=100) female students of BA and MA courses in textile, fashion and industrial design with 20-35 years of age and sample size of 80 students. 30 questions with quintuple Likert and 0.735 Cronbach’s alpha are being asked. The analysis is done by statistical software. The results show that while there is a great trend of sustainable purchase and consumption, there is no enough awareness of this issue in the section. The knowledge of interviewees about sustainability is about the routine environmental issues; even some anti-sustainability approaches are clearly seen in this case, which necessitates a more extensive and precise consciousness-raising. Raising awareness and information about sustainable purchase and consumption within the consumer population, as future professionals of clothing industry, can guide it towards better planning sustainable based strategies in production, purchase and consumption.
Mohammad Hasan Sadeghy Moghaddam; Amin Amirhoseiny
Abstract
One of the duties of the husband in marriage is to pay alimony. In this regard, the Shiite scholars disagree in some areas, for example, in case of high treatment costs, if the cost of treatment is very significant, the scholars do not agree on whether the husband should pay or not. Accordingly, in this ...
Read More
One of the duties of the husband in marriage is to pay alimony. In this regard, the Shiite scholars disagree in some areas, for example, in case of high treatment costs, if the cost of treatment is very significant, the scholars do not agree on whether the husband should pay or not. Accordingly, in this paper, the ideas of jurists and lawyers in this regard seem to be that the man should pay and treatment.
Historic
Noureddin Nemati; Samaneh Esfandiary
Abstract
In Iranian history, women have been given important roles in political, social, cultural, and economic areas. After the constitutional revolution in Iran, women have been promoted to important positions in executive and legislative branches of governments. After Islamic revolution, however, women’s ...
Read More
In Iranian history, women have been given important roles in political, social, cultural, and economic areas. After the constitutional revolution in Iran, women have been promoted to important positions in executive and legislative branches of governments. After Islamic revolution, however, women’s role was not diminished but has increased significantly. Women in this period dedicated themselves to the Islamic Regime and in this area the women’s role in the Iranian Parliament is of special importance. The present paper studies the role and function of women in the first two periods of the Iranian Parliament after Islamic Revolution and how their condition improved in the country. This research works on the hypothesis that the women in the first two parliaments improved the women’s conditions by developing protective legal measures working within the legal structure of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
