Nasrin Mohamadpour; masoud taghiabadi; vahid shalchi
Abstract
AbstractThis study aims at investigating the construction of the subject of female-headed households in post-revolutionary cinema in order to answer the question of how it has been represented and constructed in these works. For so doing, it employs Foucault and Althusser's interpretation of the subject. ...
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AbstractThis study aims at investigating the construction of the subject of female-headed households in post-revolutionary cinema in order to answer the question of how it has been represented and constructed in these works. For so doing, it employs Foucault and Althusser's interpretation of the subject. The research has been done via a semiotic method, using Fisk and Barthes model, combining it with Selby and Cowdory approach. By purposeful sampling, three films (The Blue-Veiled , Border Café (Cafe Transit), and The Corridor (Dehliz) from the 70s, the 80s, and the 90s have been selected for analysis. Results show that the power in these movies addresses family sanctity along with the need for woman management in it, also reproducing the discourse of housekeeping. But on the other hand, we see the construction of a faithful woman in return for a commitment to her husband or family and responsible for male roles. Here the desirable femininity portrayed in the films include: a) construction of a loyal housewife who supports the husband, b) the female-headed household who is committed to the family and is employed, and finally, c) the female-headed household who is chaste and a lover. The cultural meanings of the films are the lower social class of female-headed households, exposure of young female-headed households to judgment, their livelihood and economic problems, people's constructed look at them, the multiple roles they play, their strong sense of motherhood, cultural and value differences of varied ethnic groups, self-sacrifice and devotion, and drawing the old traditions of female widowhood. Also, all female-headed households try to change and start again, yet in the face of society, traditions, gender stereotypes, and the idea that men are superior, they are deprived of the opportunity to empower themselves.
Jalil Karimi; Siavash Gholipoor; Mariam Houri
Abstract
AbstractAs scientific and artistic approaches and ideas became closer to each other, and raising the relationship between society and art, the image presented by various groups, especially the lower classes of society, including women, became a serious subject for research in the media. Based on the ...
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AbstractAs scientific and artistic approaches and ideas became closer to each other, and raising the relationship between society and art, the image presented by various groups, especially the lower classes of society, including women, became a serious subject for research in the media. Based on the ideas of feminist theory and discourse approach, the present article describes how this image is represented in the films (ten films) of the 2000s in Iran. This article analyzes the relationship between the images created by them and the dominant political discourses in this period. According to the findings, in most films, the representation of women's lives tends to be more modern and inclined to none-patriarchal ideas, but these modern women, never find themselves in a polar state. They have the main features of both discourses at the same time. Considering the whole images, in spite of the fact that these works are influenced by the directors' attitudes and their discourse affiliations, there are reflections of the social conditions of the issue of "femininity and masculinity" in these films. It is as if there is a reflection of the conditions of the real transition of society from the traditional to the more modern stage in the films as well.
Azam Ravadrad; Zahra Majdizadeh
Abstract
The way working women are portrayed in Iranian media is one of the social and cultural factors that influence traditional gender stereotypes about women and their occupation. This can contribute to changing cultural perceptions about women’s employment. The main objective of this research is to ...
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The way working women are portrayed in Iranian media is one of the social and cultural factors that influence traditional gender stereotypes about women and their occupation. This can contribute to changing cultural perceptions about women’s employment. The main objective of this research is to examine the portrayal of working women in Iranian cinema after the revolution (1979) and present a comparison in different political periods of post-revolution. In order to achieve this goal, prominent films produced in each period (focusing on women’s employment) were selected and analyzed. In the theoretical part of this study, the representation theory of Stuart Hall is used. The research methodology is the semiotics of John Fiske. The results of the study presented that the modern working women, contrary to traditional female stereotypes, had the power and were more independent from their husbands. In most of the films dealing with professional women, the directors have tried to criticize the patriarchal ideology while defending the ideology of egalitarianism and meritocracy in the profession; although the social conditions of each political period were effective in the way working women were portrayed and the ideology of the film. Despite the attempt to avoid patriarchal ideology, the naturalization of domestic work for women can also be seen in these works.
Mansour Tabiei; Raana Mohammad Taghinejad Esfahani
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the critical discourse of women's inferiority through the analysis of four films: Fire Bride, Lineless Paper, Father's House and Venus. The theoretical framework is Judge Moradi's theory of self-determination, which has been done by Fairclough's method of critical ...
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the critical discourse of women's inferiority through the analysis of four films: Fire Bride, Lineless Paper, Father's House and Venus. The theoretical framework is Judge Moradi's theory of self-determination, which has been done by Fairclough's method of critical discourse analysis; Critical discourse analysis, by linking discourse structures and social contexts can help us to understand the existing issues. Among the dominant discourse systems, patriarchal discourse deconstructs relations between the genders from a position of power; the discourse of tradition and modernity causes subjects to redefine their identity. This method has three stages of description, interpretation and explanation; for this purpose, in the description stage, great attention is paid to the formal features of the context (analysis of dialogues and sequences).The interpretation, inter-discourse (discourse practice) is discussed in the second stage. Finally, the interaction of macro-social structures on the study is based on the theory of autonomy. The results showed the mechanism by which the transition between the two discourse spaces of tradition and modernity, the order of gender discourse and the power relations inherent in this hierarchy, has led to the inferiority of women and then their resistance to the superiority of men. Modern and traditional femininities not only contrast with each other, but on the other hand, the feminine signs are also represented in front of traditional and modern male subjects.
Art
Maryam Rafatjah; Niloofar Hooman
Abstract
This article is an attempt to explore the subject of divorcee in narrative and visual content of Iranian cinema. Therefore, by applying constructionist approach in Representation theory of Stuart Hall as the main theoretical framework and using Roland Barthes’ structural analysis of narrative and ...
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This article is an attempt to explore the subject of divorcee in narrative and visual content of Iranian cinema. Therefore, by applying constructionist approach in Representation theory of Stuart Hall as the main theoretical framework and using Roland Barthes’ structural analysis of narrative and John Fiske’s semiotic analysis in three levels of reality codes, representation and ideology, Esterahate Motlagh and Nahid movies have been analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that: 1. Both films have the three- part narrative structure, 2. The story take places in an urban space, 3. the crises that divorced woman face 4. Tactful woman is the most important type in both movies 5. Showing patriarchy, wise woman versus irrational man and the predominance of evil over goodness, are the most important ideological issues which have been mentioned and portrayed in the movies.
Rashid Ahmadrash; Ahmad Gholami
Abstract
This study, sociological analysis of changes happened in modern individual identity and transformation of sexual identities in Iran during the 1990s, among urban middle classes. We have used qualitative method especially semiotic in order to study and analyzes these three film. The Kanaan by Mani Haghighi, ...
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This study, sociological analysis of changes happened in modern individual identity and transformation of sexual identities in Iran during the 1990s, among urban middle classes. We have used qualitative method especially semiotic in order to study and analyzes these three film. The Kanaan by Mani Haghighi, The famous by Iraj Ghaderi and The None Expected by Mohammad Hadi Karimi. The findings show that during the studied decade (1990s), a kind of transformation of in timidity among people particularly in relation to the formation of the SELF has been happened which can originate from changes of the improvement of the SEL, expanding of individuality in society and changes of gender and sexuality of middle class who looking for its gender and fluid personal identity. Changes also show some degree of democratic tendencies in giving central role to women and men in the process of decision making on their bodies but also have signs of some kinds of depressing and agitations in their lives. Studying of such changes through cinema will help us better understanding of modern individual life and his minding.
Esmaeil Hesam Moghadam
Abstract
The present article aims at giving a formative psychoanalysis of Iran cinema in the 2000s.Itseems that all distinct moviesin this decade have been produced in an atmospherethatwasarepresentation of everyday-life and living ethics of middle class citizens. Drawing on themovie “how simple it is” ...
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The present article aims at giving a formative psychoanalysis of Iran cinema in the 2000s.Itseems that all distinct moviesin this decade have been produced in an atmospherethatwasarepresentation of everyday-life and living ethics of middle class citizens. Drawing on themovie “how simple it is” directedby Reza MirKarimi (2009) as a typical sample of discursiveformation, the present study aims to analysis a representation of everyday-life of the urbanmiddle class, which in this decade turned into an Iranian culturally problematic issue.Utilizing its internal narration, this film indicates that “objet petit a” is penetrating through theeveryday-life and within the “objet petit a” there are reasons formed which have directed theeveryday affairs to the path of the unconscious affairs of subjectivity. The purpose of thepresent study is to expound the “objet petit a” based on a psychoanalysis perspective.According to the way the movie represents the subjects, this research also intends to showhow the everyday-life of the subjects mainly dominated by women is constructed and how“objet petit a” involved in split subjects plays a key role in the current everyday-life.
Mohammad Amouzadeh; Nasim Esfandyari
Abstract
Supposing the reciprocity of relations between society and media, it is logical to investigate the social changes of women’s identity through inspecting the changes in women’s identity representation in media (particularly cinema). This paper aims to analyze the mutual effects of predominant social ...
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Supposing the reciprocity of relations between society and media, it is logical to investigate the social changes of women’s identity through inspecting the changes in women’s identity representation in media (particularly cinema). This paper aims to analyze the mutual effects of predominant social affairs of after-Islamic revolution of Iran on the manner of women’s representation in Iran’s cinema. In fact, it intends to clarify whether the mainstream cinema at this juncture in history has an considerable effect on the manner the women’s identity represented in cinema.This research shows that the social changes accompanied by more progressive cultural representation of women’s social identity in Iran cinema.
