نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسندۀ مسئول دانشجوی دکتری زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

2 استاد زبان و ادبیات فارسی دانشکده ادبیات و زبان‌های خارجی مازندران ، بابلسر ، ایران

چکیده

بازتاب ایده و طرح‌های فمینیستی در متون ادبیات داستانی موجب شد تا در برهه‌های مختلف، زنان تمایل زیادی به خلق متون زن‌محورانه پیدا کنند. اکنون با نگاهی گذرا بر پژوهش‌های پیشین در نقد رمان نفرین خاکستری (1381) اثر مهسا محب‌علی، کاملاً مشخص می‌شود اکثر این پژوهش‌ها در قالب مقاله و پایان‌نامه، این اثر را صرفاً متنی فمینیستی در نظر گرفته‌اند و به تحلیل عناصر این رویکرد اکتفا کرده‌اند، درحالی‌که نویسندگان در جستار پیش رو سعی کرده‌اند موضوع مغفول ماندۀ پژوهش‌های دیگر منتقدان در خصوص نقد فمینیستی رمان نفرین خاکستری را با پرسشی جدی روبه‌رو سازند. می‌توان مهم‌ترین پیش‌فرض این جستار را برطرف‌ساختن ابهام رویکردی نویسنده با توجه به تلاش آرمان‌گرایانه‌اش در نظر گرفت. بدین منظور نویسندگان این مقاله درصدد نقد و بررسی رویکرد انتقادی و اعتراضی مهسا محب‌علی نسبت به فمینیسم رادیکال در قالب رمان نفرین خاکستری هستند. این مقاله پژوهشی است به روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی، که با استفاده از منابع اسنادی، کتابخانه‌ای، مصاحبه و سایت‌های معتبر بر مبنای استنباط نویسندگان از تحلیل داده‌های تحقیق فراهم آمده است. مهم‌ترین دستاورد این پژوهش استخراج و تحلیل درون‌متنی مؤلفه‌هایی در حیطۀ فمینیسم رادیکالی همچون: بکرزایی- خودباروری، مردستیزی و تحقق فردیت زن است که محب‌علی با استفاده از این موارد در میانۀ داستان با تغییر عقیده بر این حقیقت تأکید می‌کند که آموزه‌های شالوده‌شکنانۀ فمینیسم رادیکال در کاهش نابرابری‌ها و ظلم‌های جنسیتی به توفیق‌های قابل‌اعتنایی دست نیافته است و این‌گونه مبانی نظری فمینیست‌های رادیکال را زیر سؤال برده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Criticism within the story on radical feminism: Mahsa Mohib Ali's critical approach towards radical feminism in The Gray Curse

نویسندگان [English]

  • nadiya ahmadinik 1
  • gholamreza pirouz 2

1 PhD Student in Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages. University of Mazandaran. Babolsar Iran

2 Professor of Persian language and literature, Faculty of Literature and Foreign Languages, Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract:

The reflection of feminist ideas and projects in fiction texts caused women to have a great desire to create women centered texts at different times. Now, with a cursory look at the previous researches in the criticism of the novel The Curse of Gray (1381) by Mahsa Mohib Ali, it is clear that most of these researches in the form of articles and theses have considered this work as a feminist text only and have limited themselves to the analysis of the elements of this approach, while the authors in the upcoming essay have tried to face the neglected issue of other critics' researches regarding the feminist criticism of the novel The Curse of Gray with a serious question. It can be considered the most important premise of this essay to resolve the ambiguity of the author's approach with regard to his idealistic effort For this purpose, the authors of this article are trying to criticize and evaluate Mahsa Mohib Ali's critical and protest approach towards avantgarde feminism in the form of the novel "The Curse of Gray". This is a research article using the qualitative content analysis method, which has been prepared by using documentary, library, interview and authoritative websites based on the authors' inferences from the research data analysis. The most important achievement of this research is the extraction and in text analysis of elements in th e field o f radical feminism such as: parthenogenesis (virginity) anti-masculinity and realization of woman's individuality, which Mahsa Mohib Ali uses these cases in th e middle of the story by changing his opinion on this. The truth emphasizes that the radical teachings of radical feminism have not achieved appreciable success in reducing gender inequalities an d oppressions, an d this has questioned the theoretical foundations o f radical feminists.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • feminist criticism"
  • radical feminism "
  • criticism whithin the story"
  • Mahsa Mohib Ali"
  • "
  • The Curse of Gray"
References
Abrams, M. H., & Geofrrey, G. H. (2009). A glossary of literary terms. Boston: Wadsworth.
Akbari, M. (2015). Representation of women and femininity in mahsa mohebali's     works from      a discourse analysis perspective. Master's Thesis. Faculty of Persian Language and Literature, Alzahra University, Iran.
Badizadegan, L. (2015). A study of mahsa mohebali's writing style in the novel 'Don't Worry' based on the semiotics of feminine writing. Master's Thesis. Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
Bahrami, M. (2009). Investigation, analysis, and critique of the works of mahboubeh mirghaderian and mahsa mohebali (the role and status of women and female identity   in contemporary literature). Master's Thesis. Faculty of Humanities, Payame Noor University, Iran.
Bolen, J. S. (2007). Goddesses in everywoman: A new psychology of women (4th ed.). Translated by: A.Yousafi. Tehran: Roshangaran and Women's Studies Publishing. (In Persian)
Cixous, H., Cohen, K., & Cohen, P. (1976). The Laugh of the Medusa. Signs, 1(4), 875–893.           Retrieved September 15, 2023, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3173239
Cuddon, J. A. (2013). A dictionary of literary terms and literary theory. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
Eliade, M. (1996). Myth, dream, mystery (2nd ed.). Translated by: R. Monajem. Tehran: Fekr-e Rooz Publishing. (In Persian)
Estés, C. P. (2013). Women who run with the wolves (8th ed.). Translated by: S. Movahed. Tehran: Peikan. (In Persian)
Fowler, R. (2011). Linguistics and the novel. Translated by: M. Ghaffari. Tehran: Ney Publishing. (In Persian)
Friedman, J. (2018). Feminism. Translated by: F. Mohajer. Tehran: Ashian Publishing. (In Persian)
Ham, M. (2003). Feminist theory reader. Translated by: F. Mohajer, N. Ahmadi Khorasani, & F. Ghareh Daghi. Tehran: Tosse'eh. (In Persian)
Khosravi, Z. (2003). Psychological Foundations of Gender. Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology Publishing.
Mardiha, M. (2008). Philosophical foundations of radical feminism. Journal of Politics, 38(2).
Mobini, M., & Shahvardi, A. (2016). A rereading of hesiod's theogony through the rule of 'The One'. Journal of Mystical Literature and Myths, 12(43), 185-210.
Mohebali, M. (2016). Don't worry. Tehran: Nimaj.
Moshirzadeh, H. (2003). From movement to social theory: Two centuries of feminism. Tehran: Shirazeh Publishing.
Mozaffarian, F. (2010). The identity of woman in world mythologies (1st ed.). Shiraz: Shiraz University Press.
Roodgar, N. (2009). Feminism: History, theories, and trends. Office of Women's Studies      and Research.
Shayan Mehr, R., Dehghan, A., & Dasht Peima, N. (2019). A spectacle from the other: The examination of patriarchy and misogyny with a feminist reading in three plays by      Bahram Beyzaie. Fine Arts Journal - Performing Arts and Music, 24(3), 47-58.
Stevens, J. (2008). Gender and genre: Other readings, other genres (2nd ed.). Translated by: M. Khosronejad. Center for Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults. (In Persian) Tehran:
Strinati, D. (2005). An introduction to theories of popular culture. Translated by: S. Paknaz. Tehran: Gām-e No Publishing. (In Persian)
Taslimi, A., & Moonsan, F. (2018). An in-depth structural analysis of the mythology in Mahsa Mohebali's works with a focus on the novel 'Don't Worry'. Journal of Mystical Literature and Myths, 14(59), 65-94.
Tong, R. (2008). Feminist thought: A comprehensive introduction. Translated by: M. Nejma Iraqi. Tehran: Ney Publishing. (In Persian)
Torabi Farsani, S. (2009). The struggle of women in the Qajar era: Individuality, traditional world, and transition from it. Alzahra University Journal of Humanities, 19(2), 1-22.
Warner, R. (2007). The encyclopedia of world mythology. Translated by: A. Esmailpour. Tehran: Ostureh. (In Persian)