نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 استاد گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

10.22059/jwica.2023.355210.1893

چکیده

یونگ، روان‌پزشک سوئیسی، در روان‌شناسی تحلیلی خود کهن‌الگوهای بسیاری را مطرح کرده ‌است که می‌توانند معیارها و ملاک‌های مفیدی در سنجش، بررسی و تحلیل آثار ادبی در نقد روان‌شناختی باشند. تمرکز یونگ بر روی کهن‌الگوها بوده‌ است. یکی از مهم‌ترین و حیاتی‌ترین این کهن‌الگوها، کهن‌الگوی «مادر مثالی» است که تصویری ذهنی و جهان‌شمول در شخصیت و فردیّت بشر است و به دو صورت مثبت و منفی جلوه می‌کند. سیمین بهبهانی از جمله شاعران معاصر ادبیات فارسی است که نمودهای مادر مثالی در اشعار او بازتاب داشته‌است. پژوهش حاضر که به روش تحلیلی-توصیفی و مبتنی بر جزئیات مد نظر یونگ انجام گرفته ‌است، به دنبال کشف نمودهای کهن‌الگویی مادر مثالی در مفاهیم و سازه‌های شعری سیمین بهبهانی و شناسایی نمودهای مثبت و منفی آن با نگرش نقد اسطوره‌ای-روان‌شناختی است. نتایج پژوهش نشان از بازتاب 60 درصدی نمود مثبت و 40 درصدی نمود منفی مادر مثالی در شعر سیمین بهبهانی دارد؛ به‌گونه‌ای که در شکل مثبت به ‌ترتیب بسامد، همذات‌پنداری با گیاهان، مادر زمینی، زایش و پرورش، شوق و شفقت، فصل بهار، آفتاب و وطن بیشترین نمود را دارند و در بعد منفی بیشترین بسامد مربوط به فصل‌های منفی (تابستان، پاییز و زمستان)، مرگ‌اندیشی، شب، مرداب، زمین سترون و شهر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Study and Analysis of the Exemplary Mother Archetype in Simin Behbahani’s Poems

نویسندگان [English]

  • ghodrattollah alirezaei 1
  • Gholamreza Salemian 2
  • fateme kolahchian 3

1 PhD in Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

چکیده [English]

In his analytical psychology, the Swiss psychiatrist Jung has proposed numerous archetypes that can serve as valuable criteria for evaluating, reviewing, and analyzing the literary works of psychological critique. The “exemplary mother” archetype is a mental and universal image of human personality and individuality that is manifested in both positive and negative forms. It is one of the most essential and vital archetypes. Simin Behbahani is a contemporary Persian poet whose poems are a reflection of her motherly exemplary deeds. The current study, which employs an analytical-descriptive method, aims to identify the positive and negative manifestations of the mother in Simin Behbahani’s poetic concepts and structures, as well as to uncover the archeological exemplary manifestations of the mother in the context of mythological-psychological critique. The findings indicate that the exemplary mother’s positive and negative manifestations are represented by 60% and 40%, respectively. She cites Simin Behbahani’s poetry as an example of the most prevalent manifestations of the spring season in the positive form, which include frequency, plant identification, congenital, reproduction, enthusiasm, enthusiasm, The sun and the homeland. The negative aspect is characterized by the maximum frequency of negative seasons(summer, autumn and winter), death thinking, night, swamp, sterile ground and City

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Contemporary Poems
  • Simin Behbahani
  • Jung
  • Archetype
  • Exemplary Mother
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