نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه جامعه‌شناسی و برنامه‌ریزی اجتماعی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری علوم اجتماعی، گروه جامعه‌شناسی و برنامه‌ریزی اجتماعی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

10.22059/jwica.2024.363784.1952

چکیده

آثار هنری، بخشی اساسی از فرهنگ یک جامعه و منعکس‌کنندۀ وضعیت فرهنگی، اجتماعی، سیاسی و اقتصادی آن جامعه هستند. پژوهش پیش‌رو به تحلیل گفتمان انتقادی نمایشنامۀ خشکسالی و دروغ نوشتۀ محمد یعقوبی می‌پردازد تا مطالعه کند که مفهوم جنسیت در این متن زبانی در قالب چه گفتمان‌هایی تولید یا بازتولید می‌شود. یعقوبی از نمایشنامه‌نویسانی است که در بیشتر آثارش، مضمون روابط میان زن و مرد در محیط خانواده و نقش‌های جنسیتی، برجسته است. برای نیل به هدف پژوهش، نظریه‌های مربوط به جنسیت از بعد زیست‌شناختی، فرهنگی و گفتمانی مطرح شده‌اند و در بخش روش تحقیق، رویکرد تاریخی-گفتمانی روث وداک که پس‌زمینه‌های تاریخی-اجتماعی متون را برای تحلیل درنظر می‌گیرد، انتخاب شده است. بهره‌گیری از افق تاریخی-اجتماعی دهۀ هشتاد و تحلیل متن نمایشنامه با استفاده از راهبرد‌های پنج‌گانۀ وداک و بررسی مضامین کلیدی مندرج در آن نشان می‌دهد در نمایشنامۀ خشکسالی و دروغ، تعریف جنسیت و نقش‌های جنسیتی در وضعیتی میان گفتمان سنتی رسمی مسلط و گفتمان مدرن (به‌عنوان گفتمان رقیب) که امکان بروز آن در دهۀ هشتاد فراهم شد، تولید می‌شود. همچنین نویسندۀ متن به‌خوبی توانسته موقعیت جامعۀ در حال گذار به‌سمت مدرنیتۀ ایران در دهۀ هشتاد و پیامدها و تحولات ایجادشده به سبب آن در عرصۀ خصوصی خانواده و روابط زناشویی را در خصایص شخصیت‌هایش بازنمایی کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Analysis of the Concept of Gender in the Drama “Drought and Lie” through the Discourse-Historical Approach of Ruth Wodak

نویسندگان [English]

  • Halimeh Enayat 1
  • Marzieh Askari 2

1 Professor, Department of Sociology and Social Planning, Faculty of Economics, Management and Social Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

2 PhD Student in Social Sciences, Department of Sociology and Social Planning, Faculty of Economics, Management and Social Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Art is a fundamental component of the culture of a society, and its motifs can serve as a reflection of the society’s cultural, social, political, and economic status. In this investigation, the text of Mohammad Yaghoubi’s drama “Drought and Lie” from the 2000s serves as the data for analysis. The purpose of this research is to study the concept of gender in the aforementioned text in order to identify the manner in which this concept is generated or perpetuated within the context of the social conditions of Iran in the 2000s. Ruth Wodak’s discourse-historical approach has been selected in the research methodology section. The research results indicate that the drama “Drought and Lie” presents the definition of gender and gender roles in a state that is between the traditional official dominant discourse and the modern discourse (as the rival discourse), which was established in the 2000s, by employing the historical-social horizons of the era and utilizing Wodak’s fivefold strategies to analyze the linguistic aspects of words, phrases, and key contents of the text. The final conclusion posits that the author of the drama “Drought and Lie” has effectively conveyed the position of Iran's transitional society toward modernity in the 2000s, as well as the repercussions of cultural changes in the private sphere of family and marital relations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Culture
  • Discourse
  • Drama
  • Gender
  • Wodak's Discourse Historical Approach
Alavitalab, M. (2023). Studing the Role of Women In Dramatic Literature of the Development Period In Iran Based on Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis. Journal of Women in Culture and Art, 15(1), 119-139. https://doi.org/10.22059/jwica.2022.342582.1788 (In Persian)
Aliahmadi, O. (2015). Paper of Social Analysis of Status and Changes of Marriage and Divorce, pp 155-178, In Report on Social Status of Women In Iran (2001-2011). Tehran: Ney publication. (In persian)
Bagheri, F. (2013). Use of Language in Playwriting. Tehran: Afraz Publication. (In Persian)
Bahar, M., & Foroughi, M. (2019). A Study of the Performance of Gender through Women’s Chatitable Activities in Cyberspace (Special Case: Instagram). Journal of Iranian Association for Cultural Studies and Communication, 15(56), 141-168.            https://doi.org/10.22034/jcsc.2019.37358 (In Persian)
Barker, C. (2016). Cultural Studies. Translated by: M. Faraji & N. Hamidi. Tehran: Research Institute of Cultural and Social Studies. (In Persian)
Butler, J. (1990). Gender Trouble, Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. London and New York: Routledge.
Ghajari, H. A., & Nazari, J. (2013). The Application of Discourse Analysis in Social Research. Tehran: Jameshenasan Publication. (In Persian)
Goudarzi, M. (2015). Paper of women’s Attitude to Family Norms and Gender Awareness; An Analysis of the Findings of National Surveys, pp 179-196, In Report on Socail Status of Women In Iran (1380-1390). Tehran: Ney Publication. (In Persian)
Heidari, F. (2022). The Analysis of Feminine Style In the Bride A Play Written by Farideh Farjam. Journal of Studies In Lyrical Language and Literature, 12(45). 26-41.         https://sanad.iau.ir/journal/lyriclit/Article/701276?jid=701276 (In Persian)
Hinick, N. (2012). Sociology of Art. Translated by: A. Nikgohar. Tehran: Agah Publication. (In Persian)
Iman, M, T. (2011). Paradigmatic Foundations of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods of Research In Humanities. Qom: Research Institute of Hozeh and University Publication. (In Persian)
Jorgensen, M., & Philips, L. (2013). Discourse Analysis As Theory and Method. Translated by: H. Jalili. Tehran: Ney Publication. (In Persian)
Mahmoudi Bakhtiari, B., Shirvani Saadat Abadi, Z., & Khaleghi Balbaloui, A. (2020). Feminine Diamond: A Postfeminist Approach to the Manifestation of Women in the Role of Black in the Age of After the Islamic Revolution. Journal of Women in Culture and Art, 12(2), 323-348.         https://doi.org/10.22059/jwica.2020.308475.1468 (In Persian)
Mills, S. (2010). Michel Foucault. Translated by: D. Nouri. Tehran: Markaz Publication. (In Persian)
Najmabadi, A. (2021). Is Our Name Remembered. Translated by: Sh. Karimi. Tehran: Bidgol Publication. (In Persian)
Nikkhah Ghamsari, N. (2010). Evolution of Gender Discourse In Iran After the Revolution. PhD Thesis. Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Humanities. (In Persian)
Paknia, M., & Mardiha, M. (2009). Gender Dominance. Tehran: Ney Publication. (In Persian)
Sharifi, S & Darigh Goftar, S. (2016). A Study of Representation of Ideological Gender Differences in Society, In Two Periods of Unveiling and Spreading Hijab. Journal of Social Analysis, 70(4), 153-184.      https://jsoa.sbu.ac.ir/article_99242.html (In Persian)
Smart, B. (2010). Michel Foucault. Translated by: L. Joafshani & H. Chavoshian. Tehran: Ameh Publication. (In Persian)
Wodak, R & Chilton, P. (2005). A New Agenda in Critical Discourse Analysis (Theory, Methodology and Interdisciplinarity). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Wodak, R & Meyer, M. (2001). Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis. London and New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Wodak, R. (1997). Gender and Discourse. UK: Sage publications University of Lancaster.
Yaghoubi, M. (2015). Drought and Lie. Tehran: Afraz Publication. (In Persian)