نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تهران دانشکده ادبیات

2 ندارم

10.22059/jwica.2025.383052.2087

چکیده

با تهیۀ منشور انقلاب سفید در سال 1341 ش، دستیابی به توسعه راهبرد اصلی کشور تعیین شد. در این راهبرد، توسعۀ اقتصادی زیربنای جهش به توسعۀ متوازن در تمام عرصه‌ها قلمداد می‌شد. بی‌سوادی شمار بسیاری از مردم، بزرگترین مانع در کسب توسعۀ اقتصادی بود. از طرفی، این توسعه سبک جدیدی از زندگی را به‌دنبال داشت که نیازمند جهان‌بینی متفاوتی است. بنابراین، تغییر در بنیادهای فرهنگی جامعه که از طریق آموزش و پرورش سبک جدید زندگی صورت می‌گرفت، مکمل برنامه‌های توسعۀ اقتصادی در نظر گرفته شدند. زنان در این میان، رکن اصلی را در این تغییر فرهنگی ایفا می‌کردند و بی‌سوادی شمار بسیاری از آنان مانع اصلی در تحقق برنامه‌های توسعه توصیف شدند. از این‌رو سؤال اصلی مقاله این است که برنامه‌های سوادآموزی زنان بزرگسال چرا و چگونه سیاست‌گذاری و هدف‌گذاری شدند تا این تغییر فرهنگی را به‌وجود آورند؟ برای پاسخ به این پرسش، با استفاده از مفهوم نوسازی فرهنگی و به روش توصیفی – تحلیلی، راهبردها و سیاست‌گذاری‌های تغییر فرهنگی تبیین و نقش و عملکرد سازمان زنان ایران به‌عنوان متولی این نوسازی در جامعۀ زنان بررسی شد. براساس یافته‌های پژوهش، «آزادی زنان» و «اعتلای مقام زن» دو کلان‌طرح در این گفتمان بودند تا از این طریق، در گام نخست با افزایش شمار زنان باسواد، تصویر جدید از زن را ذائقه-پذیر کنند تا در پی آن، فرایند تغییر نقش‌های‌ سنتی زنان و بازتولید فرهنگ غربی توسط آنان آغاز شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of the Women’s Organization of Iran in the Cultural Modernization of Women’s Society through the Campaign Against Illiteracy (1966-1979)

نویسنده [English]

  • fateme samiei 2

1

2 i have not

چکیده [English]

With the preparation of the White Revolution Charter in 1962, achieving development was established as the main strategy of the country. In this strategy, economic development was considered the foundation for a leap towards balanced development in all areas. The illiteracy of a large number of people was identified as the greatest barrier to achieving economic development. On the other hand, this development brought about a new lifestyle that required a different worldview. Therefore, changes in the cultural foundations of society, which were implemented through education and the promotion of a new lifestyle, were seen as complementary to economic development programs. In this context, women played a pivotal role in this cultural change, and the illiteracy of many women was described as the main obstacle to achieving development programs. Thus, the main question of the article is why and how were adult women's literacy programs formulated and targeted to bring about this cultural change? To answer this question, using the concept of cultural modernization and a descriptive-analytical approach, the strategies and policies for cultural change were elucidated, and the role and performance of the Women’s Organization of Iran as the custodian of this modernization women's society were examined. Based on research findings, "women's freedom" and "elevation of women's status" were two major themes in discourse, aiming first to increase the number of literate women, thus creating a new image of women that would pave the way for the transformation of traditional roles and the reproduction of Western culture through them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultural modernization
  • development
  • fight against illiteracy
  • elevation of women's status
  • women's freedom
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