نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشکدۀ علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

قاسم امین مصری از روشنفکرانی بود که با دو اثر تألیفی خود، منشأ تغییرات اجتماعی بسیاری در مصر و دیگر کشورهای اسلامی شد. هدف این پژوهش، کشف دیدگاه امین درمورد حجاب و حضور زن در جامعه و مقایسۀ این موارد با اندیشۀ مرتضی مطهری است. نظرات او در تقابل کامل با اندیشۀ مطهری در مسئلۀ حجاب و حضور زن در اجتماع است. حجاب زنان شرقی را عامل پسرفت شرقیان می‌داند و معتقد است بی‌حجابی زنان غربی، عامل پیشرفت غربیان است. همچنین حجاب را عامل تحریک شهوت می‌داند. برای زنان چهار دورۀ تاریخی قائل است تا به رهایی کامل برسند. قاسم امین حجاب را زندان زن می‌داند. از دیدگاه او، حجاب مخصوص زنان پیامبر است. تمامی دیدگاه‌های مذکور توسط آثار مرتضی مطهری مقابله و پاسخ داده شده است. تأثیرپذیری امین از مدرنیتۀ غربی و جایگاهی که غربیان برای زن متصور بودند انکارناپذیر است. وی از دریچۀ توسعۀ جنسیتی با تأکید بر آموزش زنان استدلال‌هایش را مطرح می‌کند و تنها راه نجات و رهایی را درآمیختن با تمدن غرب و رفع کامل حجاب می‌داند. در پژوهش پیش‌رو از روش مطالعۀ تطبیقی انتقادی استفاده شده است که به‌صورت کلی، این روش در چند محور انجام می‌پذیرد و درصدد پاسخ به پرسش‌های خرد و کلان و کشف میزان تطبیق‌پذیری است، همچنین این پژوهش به دنبال پاسخگویی به میزان انطباق دیدگاه امین و مطهری در مسئلۀ حجاب و حضور زن در اجتماع، و کشف میزان تطبیق‌پذیری دیدگاه‌های امین بر مطهری در مسائل مورد نظر است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Women's Hijab, A Conflict between Morteza Motahari and Qasim Amins Views

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yahya bouzarinejad 1
  • Mahdi Yazdani 2

1 ssociate Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

2 Graduated from Master’s degree, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Qasim Amin was a prominent Egyptian intellectual who, through his two writings, initiated numerous social reforms in Egypt. These reforms were subsequently replicated in other Islamic countries. He initially expressed his personal opinions regarding the position of women in society and their hijab in a manner that was sympathetic to Islam. However, he eventually began to express his own views that were not in accordance with Islam. He regards the hijab worn by eastern women as the cause of regression in eastern countries, while the lack of hijab worn by western women is the source of progress in western countries. He also maintains that the hijab worn by women stimulates and intensifies the desire of men. He was of the opinion that women are subject to four historical periods, and when they reach the fourth period, they have achieved complete liberation, similar to communism. He believed that the hijab was a form of sex slavery and that it was only appropriate for the women of the Prophet. He also held the belief that hijab is a consequence of the interaction between Islamic countries and their neighboring countries. These are merely a few of the issues that Amin addressed in his two renowned works, Tahrir al-Mur'a and al-Mur'a al-Jadidah, regarding hijab. In this article, we compare Amin’s perspectives on the hijab with those of Morteza Motahari. Amin will be provided with appropriate responses in accordance with Morteza Motahari’s comments. The impact of Western modernity and the role that Westerners have depicted for women is evident in Amin. Amin’s works are primarily focused on the development of gender, with a particular emphasis on women’s education and the notion that women's independence is a precursor to Western civilization. He considers the hijab from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence, but ultimately reaches his own personal opinions regarding the hijab and pursues complete freedom from it.

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