نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه بلخ، افغانستان

2 استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران.

10.22059/jwica.2023.358006.1917

چکیده

رنگ، که از معیارهای سنجش شخصیت در روان‌شناسی جدید است، تأثیری خاص بر روان و جسم بیننده برجای می‌گذارد و نمایانگر اوضاع و احوال روحی اوست. در رویکرد روان‌شناسی رنگ ماکس لوشر، ترجیح در انتخاب رنگ‌ها به شناخت روان انسان‌ها کمک می‌کند. در این پژوهش، شعر فروغ فرخزاد و خالده فروغ، از شاعران معاصر جریان رمانتیک ایران و افغانستان، براساس نظریۀ مذکور واکاوی شده است. کیفیت و میزان کاربرد رنگ‌ها در اشعار این دو شاعر نشان می‌دهد در شعر فروغ فرخزاد رنگ سیاه در انتخاب اول قرار دارد و بیانگر کشمکش‌های درونی، ناخشنودی و انزجار او از محیط و بیان افسردگی و انزوای اوست. اما کاربرد پربسامد رنگ سبز در کنار سیاه حکایت از امیدواری او برای تغییر سرنوشت و تحول جامعه دارد. انتخاب نخست خالده فروغ اما رنگ سبز ـ نماد ایمان، آزادی و آرامش- است و سیاه در کنار آن بیانگر استبداد، خفقان و نابسامانی‌های اجتماعی است. بررسی دفترهای اشعار این دو شاعر حاکی از آن است که اندک‌اندک طیف‌های آرام و امیدبخش جای رنگ‌های تیره را می‌گیرند و این بیانگر تمایل و امید آن‌ها به زندگی بهتر و علاقه به ایجاد تغییر برای به‌تصویرکشیدن احساساتشان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Study of the Psychology of Color in the Contemporary Poetry of Iranian and Afghanistanian Women Based on Max Luscher's Theory; A Case Study of the Poems of Forough Farrokhzad and Khaleda Forough

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shafiullah Salik 1
  • Mahsa Rone 2

1 Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, University of Balkh, Afghanistan

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

چکیده [English]

In contemporary psychology, color is regarded as one of the personality measurement criteria. This is due to the fact that each color has a special effect on the viewer’s mind and body, representing their mental state. Poetry of the poet's entire mental and spiritual makeup, as it is derived from her emotions and sentiments. Max Luscher’s color psychology is a method that utilizes the selection of colors to gain insight into the human psyche. This investigation has examined the poetry of Forough Farrokhzad and Khaleda Forough, two contemporary poets associated with the Romantic Movement in Iran and Afghanistan, in accordance with the aforementioned theory. The quality and extent of the use of colors in their poems demonstrate that Forough Farrokhzad’s poetry prioritizes black, which reflects her inner conflicts, dissatisfaction, and disgust with the environment, as well as her depression and isolation. However, her frequent use of green in conjunction with black suggests her aspiration to alter the course of history and revolutionize society. Khaleda Forough's initial selection is green, which is a symbol of faith, freedom, and serenity. The color black, which is situated adjacent to green, is associated with tyranny, suffocation, and social unrest. The examination of the poetry notebooks of these two poets reveals that the use of calm and optimistic colors progressively replaces the use of dark colors. This demonstrates their aspiration and optimism for a more fulfilling existence, as well as their interest in implementing appropriate modifications to the image that evokes their emotions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Comparative literature
  • Color Psychology
  • Forough Farrokhzad
  • Khaleda Forough
  • Max Luscher
Alavi Moghadam, M., & Pourshahram, S. (2010). The theory of max luscher’s psychology in the analysis of forough farrokhzad's poetry. Persian Language And Literature Researches, 46(2), 84-94. (In Persian) https://rpll.ui.ac.ir/article_19259.html
Aliakbarzadeh, A. (1999). Color and breeding (2nd Ed.). Tehran: Misha. (In Persian)
Ayatollahi, H. (2020). Theoretical foundations of visual arts. )15th Ed.). Tehran: Samt. (In Persian)
Bassano, M. (2004). Healing with music and color. Translated by: A. Gargari. Tehran: Arsbaran. (In Persian)
Chevalier, J., & Gheerbrant, A. (2003). Dictionary of symbols (3rd ed.). Translated by: S. Fazayili. Tehran: Jaihoun. (In Persian)
Dastghib, A. A. (2006). Little fairy of the sea (Analysis of forough farrokhzad’s poetry). Tehran: Amitis. (In Persian)
Dee, J., & Taylor, L. (2008). Colour therapy. Translated by: M. Ganji. Tehran: Savalan. (In Persian)
Esmailpur, A.Q. (2008). Mythology, symbolic expression. (2nd Ed.). Tehran: Soroush. (In Persian)
Faraj Nejad Farhang, Z. (2016). Color psychology in Houshang Ebtahaj’s poems based on max luscher's theory. Baharestan Sokhan, 13(31), 155-180. (In Persian)
Farrokhzad, F. (2003). A collection of poems by forough farrokhzad (2nd Ed.). Tehran: Negah. (In Persian)
Forough, K. (2000a). The fate of the hands of the lantern generation (collected poems). Peshawar: Mivand. (In Persian)
Forough, K. (2000b). Passing through the century of Cain (collected poems). Peshawar: Mivand. (In Persian)
Forough, K. (2012). The rise of metra and some other dreams (collected poems) (2nd Ed.). Kabul: Afghanistan Pen Association. (In Persian)
Ghasemi, R. (2010). Color, ruler of culture. Qom: Darul Alim. (In Persian)
Ghasimzada, S. A., & Nikubakht, N. (2003). Color psychology in Sohrab Sepehri’s poems. Literary Research, 1(2), 145-165. (In Persian)
Itten, J. (1988). Color book. Translated by: H. Halimi. Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance. (In Persian)
Jalali, B. (2001). The wind blows in the alley (especially Forough Farrokhzad). Tehran: Rouzegar. (In Persian)
Khwajapur, M., Samandi, S., Abdullahi, F., & Tabesh, S. (2012). Color, psychology of life. Tehran: Sabzan. (In Persian)
Luscher, M. (2020). The luscher color test (32nd Ed.). Translated by: W. Abizada. Tehran: Liusa. (In Persian)
Mohseni, M., Piroz, G. R., & Pour-Ali, M. (2012). Analysis of color in Shamlou’s poems based on max luscher's theory. The 6th National Literary Research Conference, Shahid Beheshti University. (In Persian)
Moshref Azad Tehrani, M. (1997). The fairy princess of poetry. Tehran: Saless. (In Persian)
Panahi, M. (2006). Color psychology in Nima’s poem collection based on Max Luscher’s color theory. Literary Research, 3(12, 13), 49-82.          http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.17352932.1385.3.12.3.9 (In Persian)
Qavim, A. Q., (2008). A review of contemporary Dari literature; from 1880 to 2001 (2nd Ed.). Kabul: Saaid. (In Persian)
Servati, B. (2007). Muyahayee pamir (Persian poetry in Afghanistan today). Tehran: Al-Huda. (In Persian)
Shamisa, S. (1997). A look at Forough (3rd Ed.). Tehran: Morvarid. (In Persian)
Shojayei, H. (2017). Comparative symbology (5). Tehran: Shahre Pedram. (In Persian)
Sun, H. D. (2000). Colour your life, psychology and therapy with colors. Translated by: N. Safarianpur. Tehran: Asatir. (In Persian)
Taheri, H., & Hadian Qazvini, M. (2021). Comparison of the element of color in the poems of hamid mosaddegh and ahmed shamlou based on max luscher's theory. Shahid Bahonar Kerman University Journal of Comparative Literature, 13(25), 145-177. (In Persian)